1341例孕妇孕中期膳食营养状况调查  

Survey on 1341 pregnant women's dietary intake and nutritional status in their second trimester

作　　者：饶继美[1] 黄勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉市武昌区妇幼保健所,湖北武汉430060

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2014年第5期452-454,457,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：武汉市武昌区科技局资助项目(201002)

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市武昌区孕妇孕中期营养摄入状况,为制定孕妇合理膳食干预措施保障胎儿生长发育提供依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,记录孕妇在被调查前24 h内所摄入的各种食物种类和数量,录入营养分析软件。结果能量及蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的摄入能基本满足机体需要,实际摄入量分别占推荐摄入量(RNI)的88.00%、107.04%、96.66%、83.44%;铁、锌摄入量分别占RNI的96.32%、86.91%;钙,镁,维生素A、C、B1、B2摄入不足的人数比例超过50%;胆固醇摄入超过可耐受最高摄入量(UL)的人数比例为82.18%;饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量分别占脂肪酸摄入总量的29.67%和70.33%;早中晚三餐的能量摄入配比为22.08∶38.28∶39.64。结论孕妇对孕期营养方面的认知存在不足。矿物质铁、锌摄入充足,钙和镁摄入不足;维生素摄入不足,胆固醇摄入过量;脂肪酸配比不合理,早中晚三餐配比不合理。必须从扩大社会宣传力度、壮大营养保健专业队伍入手,提高孕妇对合理的膳食营养摄入认识。Objective To grasp the dietary intaking status of pregnant women in second trimester in Wuchang District,and to provide basis for formulating a resonable intervention of pregnant women＇ s dietary intake which can ensure the fetal growth.Methods Taking retrospective survey methods.First,record the types and quantity of food taken by these pregnant women within 24 hours.Then,recording the data via nutritional analysis software.Results Pregnant women＇s energy and protein,fat,carbohydrate intake can basically meet the body needs,and they account for 88.00%,107.04%,96.66% and 83.44% respectively of RNI （Recommended Nutrition Intake） ; intake of iron,zinc respectively accounting for 96.32% of RNI,86.91%; the proportion of calcium,magnesium,vitamin A,C,B1,B2 deficiency is more than 50% ; the proportion of cholesterol intake over UL （tolerable upper intake levels） is 82.18% ; the intake of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acid accounted for 29.67% and 70.33% respectively of the total fatty acid intake; breakfast,lunch and dinner energy intake ratio of 22.08 ∶ 38.28 ∶ 39.64.Conclusion Pregnant women have relatively limited knowledge about the importance of nutrition intake during the period of pregnancy.The intakes of ferrum and zinc are adequate,while calcium and magnesium are not,and the amount of vitamin intake is rarely enough,the intake of cholesterol is too much,ration of fatty acids is not reasonable,energy arrangment in three meals per day is not resonable either.We suggest that we should start with expanding the social advocacy efforts and developing the nutrition professional team.Enhance pregnant womens＇ s knowledge level of nutrition intake.

关 键 词：孕妇 膳食营养 蛋白质 脂肪 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R151.42[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]