预处理破稳污泥木质纤维素并厌氧降解实验研究  

Destruction and degradation of sludge lignocelluloses by pretreatment followed by anaerobic digestion

作　　者：郝晓地[1] 曹兴坤[1,2] 胡沅胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学/北京应对气候变化研究与人才培养基地,北京100044 [2]潍坊市市政工程设计研究院有限公司,潍坊261031

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2014年第7期1771-1775,共5页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51278025)~~

摘　　要：剩余污泥中往往含有大量木质纤维素物质,其在厌氧消化过程中难以降解,最终残留于熟污泥中,这也是导致污泥有机物稳定并转化能源效率低下的主要原因之一.针对污泥中木质纤维素的结构稳定性,本实验选择酸、碱、热解及超声波4种预处理方式,采用适宜的条件预处理剩余污泥,在一定程度上破坏污泥中木质纤维素结构,继而进行污泥厌氧消化,获得了较好的木质纤维素降解率.同时,实验筛选出热解为最佳的预处理技术方式.在T=150℃与t=30 min预处理工况下,污泥在厌氧消化后最高可实现52.6%的木质纤维素降解率,主要归功于半纤维素和纤维素的大幅降解.相对未预处理污泥,预处理能有效促进木质纤维素类物质的厌氧消化,从而提高污泥有机质的能源转化率.Excess sludge usually contains a lot of lignocelluloses materials which are hardly degraded in anaerobic digestion and thus remained in digested sludge,leading to low stabilized and /or converted efficiencies of organics in sludge. Four types of pretreatment,acids,alkalis,pyrolysis and ultrasonic,were applied with appropriate working conditions to destruct and anaerobically degrade lignocelluloses,resulting in good degradation efficiencies of lignocelluloses. Pyrolysis was experimentally selected to be the optimal pretreatment. Under the working condition of pretreatment at T = 150 ℃ and t = 30min,the pretreated sludge was digested to achieve the lignocelluloses’ degradation up to 52. 6%,which was mainly attributed to large degradation of hemicelluloses and celluloses. Compared to raw sludge,pretreatment can effectively enhance anaerobic degradation of lignocelluloses and improve the conversion of organics into energy.

关 键 词：剩余污泥 木质纤维素 预处理 热解 结构破稳 厌氧消化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]