天津市行业用水变化与归因分析  

Analysis of water use trend and its impact factors in Tianjing

作　　者：尚毅梓[1] 赵勇[1] 石红旺 王丽婷[1] 王建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2015年第1期153-157,192,共6页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项"十二五"重点科研项目(筹集1221);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201301005);国家自然科学基金项目(51109112)

摘　　要：通过分析天津市2000年-2011年的行业用水变化,得出如下结论:农田灌溉、工业用水和居民生活用水所占比例最大,三者之和约占天津市总用水的90%左右;天津市人均居民生活用水已经很低,进一步降低人均用水指标可能性很小,提供更为优质的水服务应该是天津市生态文明建设的主要内容,包括充足的水量和优良的水质;工业结构调整、用水效率等都是影响天津工业用水变化的主要因素,随着工业产业结构的逐步优化,未来天津市工业用水将随产值规模逐步增加。天津市农业用水主要受到降雨、耕地面积、种植结构等因素影响。近年来农业用水在天津市总用水占比呈降低趋势,不过随着设施农业发展和菜田种植面积的增加,农业用水占比可能会有所上升。The water uses for all industries from 2000 to 2011in Tianjin were analyzed in this paper.The results showed that(1)agricultural irrigation use,industrial use,and domestic use account for about 90% of the total water consumption;(2)the domestic water use per capita in Tianjin is very low,and there is little room for saving water by lowering the domestic water use.Providing high-standard water services,such as adequate water supply and good water quality,should be the focus of the ecological civilization construction in Tianjin;(3)industrial water use is affected by of the impact factors including industrial restructuring and water use efficiency,and industrial water use increases with the gradual optimization of industrial structures;and(4)agricultural irrigation water use is affected by precipitation,arable area,and planting structure.The percentage of agricultural water use decreases in recent years,but it can increase in the near future with the development of vegetable plantations and greenhouse cropping.

关 键 词：天津市 行业用水 结构调整 影响因素 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]