铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药性分析  

Clinical distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and analysis of drug resistance

作　　者：王桂华[1] 陈颖鑫[1] 陈慧琳[2] 顾兵 梅亚宁 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属江宁医院感控科,江苏南京211100 [2]南京医科大学附属江宁医院检验科,江苏南京211100 [3]南京医科大学第一附属医院医学检验科,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第23期5731-5733,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81000754)

摘　　要：目的了解医院铜绿假单胞菌感染的临床分布特征、感染部位的分布,为抗菌药物使用及干预措施提供参考依据。方法收集2011年1月-2012年12月医院共238株铜绿假单胞菌,对其进行分离鉴定和药敏试验,采用WHONET5.6软件进行统计分析。结果 238株铜绿假单胞菌主要分离自痰标本占62.2%;2011及2012年分离出的铜绿假单胞菌对抗菌药物的耐药率分别为:亚胺培南53.3%及21.3%、美罗培南50.4%及22.8%、环丙沙星71.6%及25.0%、庆大霉素79.6%及59.6%、妥布霉素77.6%及50.0%、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦52.5%及33.4%、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦55.5%及37.1%。结论 2012年铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性较2011年明显下降,对铜绿假单胞菌优选的抗菌药物有碳青霉烯类、β-内酰胺类的复方制剂和三代喹诺酮类。OBJECTIVE To study the clinical distribution characteristics ,distribution of infected sites of hospital Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection so as to provide reference for use of antimicrobials and intervention measures . METHODS Totally 238 strains of P .aerginosa in Jiangning Hospital from Jan .2011 to Dec .2012 were collected . Identification and drugs susceptibility test were conducted for each strain and correlation analysis of resistance change and intervention measures were studied .The statistical analysis was conducted with the software WHO‐NET5 .6 .RESULTS The 238 strains were mainly from sputum specimens （62 .2% ） .The resistance rates of P . aerginosa isolated in the year 2011 and 2012 were 53 .3% and 21 .3% to imipenem ,50 .4% and 22 .8% to mero‐penem ,71 .6% and 25 .0% to ciprofloxacin ,79 .6% and 59 .6% to gentamicin ,77 .6% and 50 .0% to tobramycin , 52 .5% and 33 .4% to cefoperazone/sulbactam ,55 .5% and 37 .1% to piperacillin/tazobactam .CONCLUSION The resistance of P .aeruginosa in 2012 was declined obviously compared to 2011 ,and the preferential antibacterial drugs for P .aeruginosa include carbopenems ,compound preparation of beta‐lactam ,and the third generation of quinolones .

关 键 词：铜绿假单胞菌 耐药率 目标性监测 

分 类 号：R378.991[医药卫生—病原生物学]