多极声源和螺旋桨辐射噪声的动态可视化仿真  

Dynamically visualization simulation of acoustic radiation from multipole sources and propeller

作　　者：杨琼方[1] 王永生[1] 明平剑[2] 孙红星[3] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,湖北武汉430033 [2]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第9期122-127,共6页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51009144);水下测控技术重点实验室延伸性发展基金资助项目(YS0C261301)

摘　　要：研究了螺旋桨辐射噪声场和无空化低频线谱的预报方法,对单个及分布式多极声源、螺旋桨促动盘和脉动力源辐射声场进行了自编程数值仿真和动态可视化显示.结果表明:仿真得到的单个多极源声压分布与理论解一致,静止分布式偶极源声近场与声源间相位相关.因船底板反射影响,单个单极源和偶极源在船尾轴向均存在强声压区.有限长导管内单极源的弱声压区位置与导管亥姆赫兹数相关,仅在较大亥姆赫兹数下导管对偶极源存在明显声抑制作用.模型桨在4倍直径以外可近似看作声远场,其等价于位于盘面中心的单个多极源或位于桨叶壁面的分布式旋转多极源发声,但后者更为合理,且分布式偶极源须考虑声源之间的相位差.确定螺旋桨轴向脉动力后,低频线谱可由位于盘面中心的单个积分脉动力源发声求取,也可由位于桨叶壁面的脉动旋转力源发声确定.The propeller acoustic fields and the practical method for non-cavitation line spectrum prediction in low frequency were researched,and numerical simulation and dynamically visualization of the radiated noise fields on single and distributed multipole sources,propeller disk plane noise source,and propeller fluctuated integrated force had been completed.Results show that the simulated sound pressure directivities of single multipole are in great accordance with the theoretical solutions.The sound pressure distribution near static distributed dipole is closely related to the phase of sources.Since reflection of ship hull,both single monopole and dipole sources present strong sound pressure along the axial direction of hull.If a monopole is placed in a finite stationary duct,its weak sound pressure region is related to the duct′s Helmholtz number.Additionally,the duct can only suppress the dipole noise in big Helmholtz number.When the observer is located on outside of the 4times of propeller diameter in model scale,sound far field assumption is reasonable.In this case,propeller noise source is equivalent to a single multipole located in center of the disk plane,or multiple rotary multipole sources distributed on propeller blade surfaces.The latter equivalence is more reasonable,and note that the phase change between the distributed dipole sources should be taken into account.Whenthe axial fluctuated thrust of propeller behind ship is observed,tonal spectrum level on far field can be determined by a integrated fluctuating-force source in the center of disk plane.If the fluctuated pressure distribution on real blades surfaces is observed,the more reasonable distributed rotary sources on acoustic nodes can be used to determine the line spectrum in low frequency.

关 键 词：螺旋桨噪声 噪声计算 多极子声源 声场可视化 管道声传播 线谱 

分 类 号：U664.3[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]