中国农林业害虫分布特征及其影响因素  

Spatial patterns of agricultural and forest pests in China and the impact factors

作　　者：刘冬[1] 沈渭寿[1] 朱四喜[2] 邹长新[1] 谢浩京 欧阳琰[1] 林乃峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [2]贵州民族大学化学与环境科学学院,贵阳550025 [3]英属哥伦比亚大学林学院

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2014年第12期3322-3331,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC19B06);教育部新世纪人才支持计划项目(NCET-12-0659)资助

摘　　要：我国农、林业虫害危害范围和程度日益加剧,给生态环境和国民经济带来严重影响。本文根据文献记录和野外调查,系统整理了全国农、林业植物检疫性害虫分布特征,并用主成分分析、相关分析和回归分析方法,探讨了气象因素和社会经济因素对我国省级单位空间中农林业害虫分布的影响。结果表明,我国农林业虫害数量和密度分布总体上呈现由东部沿海向西部内陆减少的趋势。导致这一格局的主要因子是农业、经济发展水平因子,其次是温湿度等气象因子,说明农用地面积大、农作物播种面积大、森林覆盖率高、地区生产总值高、运输线路长、温度高湿度大的地区是害虫发生、发展的重灾区,也是潜在分布的高频区,应该引起政府管理部门的重视,积极采取防治措施。Agricultural and forest pests have increasingly caused ecological environment damage and economic losses in China. Based on filed investigation and data from related references,we obtained the number,density and spatial distribution of pests in 34 provinces of China. We used principal component analysis,correlation analysis and multiple forward regression to determine the relative importance of climate factors and anthropological variables on the number and density of agricultural and forest pests in different provinces of China. The results showed that the number and density of agricultural and forest pest species decreased from the east to the west in China. Agricultural and economic factors were the main factors,while climate factors were secondary factors affecting the spatial pattern of agricultural and forest pests. The regions with higher values in cropland area,forest coverage,GDP,temperature,hmidity,and transport length had higher risks for the occurrence of agricultural and forest pests. Our study suggested the important implications for pest management in China.

关 键 词：空间格局 人类活动 气候变化 有害生物 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]