自我惩罚:影响因素、模型与展望  

Self-punishment: Contributing Factors, Theoretical Models and Research Prospects

作　　者：朱睿达[1] 张燊[1] 申学易 刘超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2014年第12期1935-1943,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：973计划(2011CB711000;2013CB837300);国家自然科学基金(31170971;61210010);国家社科重大项目(12&ZD228)

摘　　要：自我惩罚是个体在违反社会规范后,自愿使自己承受伤害或蒙受损失的行为。自我惩罚会受到负性情绪、补救机会、代偿机会和性别的影响。情绪模型和互惠模型分别从情绪和互惠的角度阐述了自我惩罚的认知机制。根据近期的研究结果,可以推测自我惩罚与前扣带回、脑岛、右外侧眶额叶皮层、背内侧前额叶皮层、伏隔核、腹内侧前额叶皮层有关。未来值得研究的方向有:进一步确认自我惩罚涉及的情绪成分、为互惠模型收集更多实验证据、探究自我惩罚对集体合作的影响以及开展跨文化研究。Self-punishment refers to behaviors that an individual inflicts pain or imposes sanctions on himself/herself after the transgression. Self-punishment could be influenced by several different factors such as negative emotion, opportunities of remedy, opportunities of compensation at the expense of others and gender. Moreover, two core models, namely emotion model and reciprocity model, were summarized. With the development of neuroscience, it could be inferred that ACC, insula, RLOFC, DMPFC, NAcc, VMPFC are closely linked to self-punishment. Finally, authors＇ opinions about future research were provided.

关 键 词：自我惩罚 情绪 互惠 合作 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]