高原地区一起手足口病暴发流行病学调查分析  

The epidemiological analysis of the outbreak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in the plateau region

作　　者：李存 

机构地区：[1]海西州疾病预防控制中心,青海德令哈817000

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2014年第4期310-311,共2页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解青海省海西州大柴旦行委锡铁山镇(海拔3 700 m)一起手足口病暴发及疫情处理情况,为今后防治手足口病在本地区的流行提供参考依据。方法通过流行病学调查,结合临床症状和体征进行综合分析。结果此次手足口病暴发流行,主要集中在锡铁山幼儿园和锡铁山矿务局职工单身宿舍楼东侧家属院,全镇共有6岁以下儿童180名,其中19例染病,罹患率为10.56%;幼儿园发病10例,散居儿童发病9例,呈聚集流行,无死亡病例;其中男孩5例,女孩14例,男女之比为1:2.8。本次手足口病暴发流行的主要原因是对染病的流动人口管理不到位所致。结论对疫区来的流动人口应加强管理,必要时进行医学观察。应加强学校校医和社区医生的传染病预防控制专业知识培训,提高他们对重大传染病疫情及突发公共卫生事件的应急处置能力,落实好疫情报告制度。同时应利用广播电视等媒体开展针对社区居民的传染病防治知识宣传教育活动和讲座,提高全体社区居民的自我保健意识和传染病预防知识水平,是防治手足口病等传染病暴发流行的有效手段。Objective To understand the outbreak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Xitieshan town of Dachaidan Executive Committee,Qinghai province（elevation 3700m）and the treatment of this epidemic situation,in order to make references for prevention and treatment of the epidemic of HFMD in this area in the future.Methods Through epidemiologic investigation,combined with clinical symptoms and signs to make a comprehensive analysis.Results The breakout and epidemic of HFMD especially centralized in the Xitieshan nursery school and the eastern single worker＇s dormitory building of Xitieshan Mining Administration. There are 180 children under the age of six in the town,and 19 had HFMD. The total incidences rate was 10.56%,Among that 10 children were in nursery school,9 children were in the around villages. The epidemic of HFMD is gathering popularized.There was no one died in the epidemic situation.Among the 19 children,there were 5 boys and 14 girls. The proportion of boys to girls was 1 to 2.8. The main reason of this epidemic was the imperfect management of sick floating population. Conclusion Strengthen to administer upon the floating population of the endemic area,and take the medical observation when necessary. We should also improve the training of school physician and community doctor to enhance their capacity of emergency handing in the important infectious diseases and outbreaking event of public health,and carry out the report of epidemic situation. It is urgent to conduct various popularized activities,strengthen mass media propaganda and face to face education to prevent HFDM epidemic among rural residents.

关 键 词：手足口病 暴发 调查分析 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]