真菌中DNA重复序列诱导点突变的研究进展  

Recent Advances of Repeat-induced Point Mutation( RIP) of DNA Sequence in Fungi

作　　者：冯凤鹃 曲志才[1] 田李[1] 王转斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《菏泽学院学报》2014年第5期54-61,共8页Journal of Heze University

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2013M531567);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2013CQ018)

摘　　要：1987年,由Selker等在粗糙脉孢菌中首次发现重复序列诱导点突变(repeat-induced point mutation,RIP).在重复序列诱导点突变过程中,搜寻前减数分裂组织单倍体核中DNA的重复序列,然后发生众多的碱基C到T的突变,产生富碱基T+A片段,从而使重复序列中的G-C碱基对发生转换突变成为A-T碱基对.此外,发生RIP的序列多集中在着丝粒区域,主要是转座子甲基化后的遗迹.移动转座子是真核生物基因组进化的主要驱动力.对于真菌,重复序列诱导点突变(RIP)在减数分裂过程中通过突变多拷贝DNA,能最大限度地减少转座子的影响,因此对RIP的研究在一定程度上能有助于了解基因组进化的真谛.综述了重复序列诱导点突变的产生机制,以及真菌中重复序列诱导点突变的研究进展.Repeat- induced point mutations （RIP）was discovered in Neurospora crassa in 1987 by Selker. RIP searches for sequence duplications in haploid nuclei of premeiotic tissue and then litters them with numerous C to T mutations. T ＋ A rich fragments so that the G - C pairs in duplications can be mutated to A - T. In addition, RIP＇ s sequences, which are concentrated in centromeric regions, and are predominantly relics of transposons, are left methylated. Mobile transposable elements are among the primary drivers of the evolution of eukaryotic genomes. For fungi, repeat - induced point mutation （RIP） silencing minimizes deleterious effects of transposons by mutating multicopy DNA during meiosis. To explore the impact of RIP - mutated transposons is conducive to generate evolu- tionary inferences for phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. The paper has reviewed the mechanism of RIP and the progress of RIP in fungi.

关 键 词：真菌 DNA序列 重复序列诱导点突变 研究进展 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学]