马蔺纤维性能研究  

Study of Iris Ensata Thunb Fiber Property

作　　者：胡珊珊[1] 田俊莹[1] 滑钧凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学,天津300387

出　　处：《棉纺织技术》2014年第12期9-12,47,共5页Cotton Textile Technology

摘　　要：探讨马蔺纤维的性能。从马蔺叶中提取纤维素纤维,观察了马蔺纤维的外观形态,并测试了马蔺束纤维的长度、细度、回潮率、强伸性能、摩擦因数、染色性能。对比了水煮脱胶和碱煮脱胶制得的马蔺纤维的X射线衍射图谱和热重分析图。试验结果表明:马蔺纤维平均长度100 mm^300 mm,细度80 dtex,断裂强力100 c N^300 c N,断裂伸长率1%~2%,回潮率10.24%,动摩擦因数较棉略小,活性染料上染率较低;水煮脱胶得到的马蔺纤维属于纤维素Ⅰ晶型,残胶量较大;碱煮脱胶得到的马蔺纤维属于纤维素Ⅱ晶型,残胶量相对较小。认为:应通过进一步改善马蔺纤维脱胶方法,提高马蔺纤维性能,使其可应用于纺织和复合材料领域。Iris ensata thumb fiber properties were discussed.Cellulosic fiber was extracted from iris ensata thumb leaf.Its appearance was observed.Length,fineness,moisture regain,strength ＆ elongation,friction coefficient and dyeing property of iris ensata thumb fiber were tested.X-ray diffraction spectrograms and thermogravimetric analysis figures of iris ensata thumb fiber after water and soda boiled degumming separately were compared.The test result shows that the average length of iris ensata thumb fiber is 100 mm ～300 mm.Its fineness is 80 dtex.The breaking strength is 100 cN ～ 300 cN,elongation is 1% ～ 2%.Its moisture regain is 10.24%.Its dynamic friction coefficient is a little bit smaller than that of cotton.The dye uptake of reactive dye is lower.The iris ensata thumb fiber after water boiled degumming is has Ⅰ crystalform of cellulose.The residual sericin is larger.Iris ensata thumb fiber after soda boiled degumming is cellulose Ⅱ crystal form.Its residual sericin is smaller.Therefore,it is considered that iris ensata thumb fiber property needs to be improved by the further modification of degumming method so as to be used in textile and composite material fields.

关 键 词：马蔺纤维 外观形态 纤维强伸性能 上染率 X射线衍射图谱 热重分析 脱胶方法 

分 类 号：TS102.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]