竹纤维的表面能分析及其增强PP复合材料的力学性能  

Bamboo Fiber Surface Energy Analysis and Its Influence on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composite

作　　者：王春红[1] 刘胜凯[1] 叶张龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织学院,天津300387

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2014年第12期23-28,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51303131)

摘　　要：通过先碱处理再偶联剂处理的方法对竹纤维进行表面改性,采用非织造-模压工艺制备了竹纤维增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。根据Owens-Wendt法分别计算了碱处理和在此基础上偶联剂处理的竹纤维的表面能以及极性分量和非极性分量,研究了碱处理中Na OH溶液浓度及偶联剂处理中硅烷偶联剂溶液浓度对竹纤维表面能的影响,并探索了竹纤维的表面能与复合材料力学性能的关系。结果表明,随着Na OH溶液浓度增大,竹纤维表面能呈增大趋势,拉伸强度呈降低趋势;碱处理的竹纤维增强PP复合材料的力学性能受竹纤维表面能和本身强度的综合影响,当Na OH溶液浓度为5%时,复合材料的综合力学性能最优。在Na OH溶液浓度为5%的碱处理基础上进行偶联剂处理可大幅提高竹纤维的非极性分量,随着硅烷偶联剂溶液浓度的增加,竹纤维的表面能降低;复合材料的力学性能与偶联剂处理后竹纤维表面能的变化没有对应关系,当偶联剂溶液浓度为3%时,复合材料的力学性能最优。Surface modification of bamboo fiber was done by using alkali treatment firstly and coupling agent treatment lastly, bamboo fiber reinforced polypropylene （PP） composites were prepared by means of non-woven and compression molding technology. The surface energy, polar and dispersion components of the bamboo fiber modified by alkali treatment and coupling agent treatment on the basis of alkali treatment were calculated separately through Owens-Wendt method, the effects of NaOH solution concentration in the alkali treatment and silane coupling agent solution concentration in the coupling agent treatment on the surface energy of the bamboo fiber were studied and the relationship between the mechanical properties of the composites and surface energy of the bamboo fiber were investigated. The results reveal that with the increase of NaOH solution concentration, the surface energy of the bamboo fiber increases and the tensile strength decreases. The mechanical properties of the composites are affected by the surface energy and strength of the bamboo fiber treated by NaOH, when NaOH solution concentration is 5%, the composite has the best comprehensive mechanical properties. Coupling agent treatment on the basis of alkali treatment with NaOH solution concentration being 5% can increase the dispersion component of the bamboo fiber greatly, and with the increase of silane coupling agent solution concentration, the surface energy of the bamboo fiber decreases. There is not corresponding relationship between the mechanical properties of the composite and the surface energy of the bamboo fiber treated by silane coupling agent, when silane coupling agent solution concentration is 3%, the mechanical properties of the composite are the best.

关 键 词：竹纤维 复合材料 表面改性 表面能 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ321[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]