废旧涤棉混纺织物稀酸法分离工艺研究  

Separation process of polyester cotton blended fabric wastes using dilute acid

作　　者：李丽[1] 杨中开[1] 唐世君[2] 赵国樑[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,北京100029 [2]总后军需装备研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2014年第6期6-10,共5页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2012AA063006)

摘　　要：以废旧涤棉军装为原料,采用稀酸法分离废旧涤棉混纺织物中的涤纶和棉纤维,考察了盐酸浓度、反应温度、反应时间等工艺条件对涤、棉的分离效果以及分离后涤纶、棉纤维的形貌及结构性能的影响。结果表明:当盐酸质量分数10%,反应温度90℃,反应时间90 min时,废旧涤棉军装中的涤纶与棉纤维分离效果最佳;经盐酸处理后,织物中剩下涤纶,棉纤维被去除,棉纤维小部分降解为还原性糖,大部分降解为棉渣粉末;盐酸处理后的涤纶化学结构、断裂强度、纤维形貌基本无变化,但初始模量显著下降;棉纤维经盐酸处理后形成的棉渣粉末仍为纤维素结构,但其结晶度有所提高。Post-consumer polyester/cotton army uniforms were used as raw materials and the polyester fiber and cotton fiber in polyester cotton blended fabric wastes were separated by using dilute acid.The effects of hydrochloric acid concentration,reaction temperature and reaction time on the separation effect,morphology and structural performance of polyester and cotton fibers were investigated.The results showed that the separation effect of polyester and cotton fibers can be optimized under the conditions as followed：10％ hydrochloric acid by mass fraction,reaction temperature 90 ℃,reaction time 90 min; the polyester fiber was left and the cotton fiber was removed after hydrochloric acid treatment; a small part of cotton fiber was degraded into reducing sugar,and the major part of cotton fiber into cotton powder; the chemical structure,breaking strength and morphology of polyester fiber hardly changed,but the initial modulus considerably decreased after hydrochloric acid treatment; the cotton powder kept the cellulose structure but the crystallinity rose in some degree after hydrochloric acid treatment.

关 键 词：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纤维 废旧纺织品 棉纤维 盐酸 分离 回收 

分 类 号：TS106.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]