原位聚合无卤阻燃聚酰胺6的结构与性能研究  

Structure and properties of in-situ polymerized halogen-free flame-retardant polyamide 6

作　　者：李湘平[1] 伍仟新[1] 冯美平[1] 宋超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化股份有限公司聚酰胺技术开发中心,湖南岳阳414014

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2014年第6期39-42,共4页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司科技项目(207026)

摘　　要：采用原位聚合添加反应型无卤阻燃剂,是实现聚己内酰胺(PA6)阻燃改性的主要方法。在己内酰胺的水解开环聚合体系中,加入三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)的原料单体,原位聚合制备了阻燃PA6(FRPA6),对FRPA6的结构、形貌及性能进行了表征;通过熔融纺丝制备了FRPA6纤维,测试了其力学性能及阻燃性能。结果表明:FRPA6中阻燃剂MCA与PA6基体的相容性良好,MCA自组装反应比较充分,MCA粒子以纳米级均匀分布于PA6基体中;随着MCA含量的增加,FRPA6的熔点、熔融热焓有所降低,结晶温度略有升高,热稳定性下降;当MCA质量分数为7.5%时,FRPA6的阻燃性能达UL94 V-0级,拉伸强度为64.1 MPa,缺口冲击强度为10.4 k J/m2;相比纯PA6纤维,FRPA6纤维具有较好的阻燃性能,极限氧指数达35%以上,但力学性能有所下降。The primary flame retardant modification technique for polycaprolactam （PA6） is in-situ polymerization in presence of reactive halogen-free flame retardant agent.Flame-retardant PA6 （FRPA6） was prepared by adding melamine cyanurate （MCA） monomer into the hydrolytic ring-open polymerization system of caprolactam via in-situ polymerization.The structure,morphology and properties of FRPA6 were characterized.FRPA6 fiber was produced by melt spinning process.The mechanical properties and flame retardancy of FRPA6 were measured.The results showed that the flame reatardant agent MCA was well compatible with PA6 matrix in FRPA6; the self-assembly reaction of MCA was abundant and the MCA particles uniformly dispersed in PA6 matrix in nano-scale; the melting point and melting enthalpy were decreased in some degree,the crystallization temperature was slightly elevated,and the thermal stability was decreased while increasing MCA content; the flame retardancy of FRPA6 reached UL94 V-0 rating,the tensile strength was 64.1 MPa and the notched impact strength was 10.4 kJ/m2 as the MCA content was 7.5％ by mass fraction; as compared with pure PA6 fiber,FRPA6 fiber had favorable flame retardancy and limiting oxygen index above 35％ with a loss of mechanical properties.

关 键 词：聚己内酰胺 己内酰胺 三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐 原位聚合 阻燃 

分 类 号：O633.22[理学—高分子化学]