超多喷孔喷射对高压共轨柴油机晚喷燃烧特性的影响  

Effect of ultramultihole injection on combustion characteristics of highpressure common-rail diesel engine under late injection conditions

作　　者：罗马吉[1,2] 李辉[1,2] 缪雪龙[3] 魏明锐[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室 [2]武汉理工大学汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心 [3]中国第一汽车股份有限公司无锡油泵油嘴研究所

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2014年第4期378-384,共7页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51276132)

摘　　要：为实现柴油机的高效低排放燃烧,研究了在晚喷条件下的超多喷孔喷射对高压共轨柴油机喷雾、燃烧和排放特性的影响。利用KIVA-3V程序,对一台6缸高压共轨柴油机进行三维模拟,并对其进行了试验验证。结果表明:与传统喷油器相比,超多喷孔喷油器上、下层油束的干涉作用使喷雾形态显得分散很多,这有利于雾化和蒸发。采用超多喷孔喷油器后,呈预混燃烧。与传统喷油器方案相比,放热率峰值增大60%,NOx排放增大36%,碳烟生成区域明显减小、峰值下降48%。在保证动力性的前提下,采用超多喷孔喷油器和废气再循环技术、推迟喷油、提高喷射压力,NOx降低64%,碳烟降低46%。因而,这种柴油机能够实现高效清洁预混燃烧。The effects of ultramultihole injection on spray, combustion, and emission characteristics were investigated for late injection conditions to realize high-efifciency, low-emission combustion in a high-pressure common-rail diesel-engine by ultramultihole injection. A 3-D simulation model was set up for a six-cylinder high-pressure common-rail diesel engine using a KIVA-3V code, and was then experimentaly validated. The results show that the interference between the upper-layer jets and the lower-layer jets of the ultramultihole nozzle makes the spray shape more lfeecy compared with the traditional injector, in favor of the spray atomization and vaporization. The in-cylinder mixture by ultramultihole nozzles distributes more evenly than the mixture using traditional injectors, and the combustion process is mainly premixed combustion. The peak heat release rate increases by 60%, the NOx emission increases by 36%, the soot emission formation region decreases clearly, and the soot emission maximum decreases by 48%. The emission decreases 64% for NOx with 46% for soot, without the power penalty by using the ultramultihole nozzle and exhaust gas recirculation （EGR） technique, the postponing injection, and the increasing injection pressure. Therefore, high-efifciency clean premixed combustion can be realized in a high-pressure common-rail diesel-engine with ultramultihole technology.

关 键 词：柴油机 高压共轨 超多喷孔喷油器 晚喷 NOX排放 碳烟排放 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]