密集烘烤烤烟不同品种烟叶质地和颜色变化  

Study on the Change of Texture and Color of Different Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties during the Bulk-curing

作　　者：贺帆[1] 王涛 武圣江 徐成龙 宫长荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]曲靖市烟草公司师宗分公司,云南曲靖655700 [3]贵州省烟草科学研究院,贵州贵阳550081 [4]大理市烟草公司祥云分公司,云南大理672100

出　　处：《核农学报》2014年第9期1647-1655,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局重大科技项目"浓香型烤烟调制关键技术"(TS-01-2011006)

摘　　要：为了量化显示密集烘烤过程中烤烟不同品种烟叶质地和颜色的变化,以中烟100和秦烟96为材料,研究了烘烤中烟叶质地（硬度、咀嚼性、回复性和黏聚性）和颜色（L＊、a＊、b＊、C和H）及相关生理指标变化的规律。结果表明,烘烤过程中烟100和秦烟96烟叶水分、色素、脂氧合酶（LOX）、过氧化物酶（POD）、质地以及颜色变化趋势基本一致。但相对于中烟100,秦烟96烟叶烘烤中38~54℃时含水率较高,中烟100烟叶失水速度较快。秦烟96烟叶变黄期呈现较高的POD活性和较低的LOX活性,烟叶质地各参数值较大;定色期的变化则相反,烟叶质地趋于疏松,颜色各参数值趋于适宜范围,烤后烟叶颜色橘黄,色度较浓。因此,烘烤过程中烟100烟叶应适当提高湿球温度,适当延长变黄期和定色期时间;秦烟96烟叶应注意以中湿变黄、中湿定色,注意关键温度点、稳温排湿。该研究为烘烤中烟叶质地和颜色变化的定量化实时监测和烘烤工艺的优化提供了参考。In order to quantize and show the change of texture and color parameters of different flue-cured tobacco varieties, using ‘Zhongyan100＇ and ‘ Qinyan96＇ as material, the change of texture （hardness, chewiness, resilience and cohesiveness） and color parameters （ L＊ means lightness value, a＊ is red value, b＊ is yellow value, Chroma means purity, Hue means attribute） and related physiological indexes of tobacco leaves were studied during the bulk curing. The results showed that the changes of moisture, pigment, LOX, POD, texture and color indexes showed the same tendency during curing. Compared with ‘Zhongyan100＇ , ‘ Qinyan96＇ had a higher moisture at 38 -54%. And the rate of water loss of ‘ Zhongyan100＇ was faster. Moreover, the activities of POD were higher while the activities of LOX were lower and texture indexes were higher of ‘ Qinyan96＇ during yellowing stage. But a contrary tendency was presented in the leaf-drying stage. And the texture and color indexes of tobacco leaves became loose and suitable, respectively. The color and chroma of cured leaves became orange and stronger. So, the curing technology of ‘Zhongyan100＇ should be properly increased wet bulb temperature, yellowing times and leaf-drying times during curing. And the curing technology of ‘ Qinyan96＇ should pay attention to middle humidity in yellowing and leaf-drying stage and keep the temperature and remove humidity at the key temperature. This study could provide reference for quantitative real-time monitoring of texture and color parameters variation of tobacco leaves during the bulk curing.

关 键 词：烤烟 品种 密集烘烤 质地 颜色 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]