谁流进了市场——中国市场化改革和市场人群的社会特征  

Who have flowed in market? China's reform toward market and the social characteristics of the groups in market

作　　者：邱泽奇[1] 萧群[1] 李祥蒙 向静林[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学社会学系 [2]北京大学

出　　处：《国际社会科学杂志（中文版）》2014年第3期78-92,6,共16页International Social Science Journal（Chinese Edition）

摘　　要：与东欧的改革不同,中国渐进式的改革没有消除"体制内"的存在。进而,中国的改革为社会流动的讨论提供了一个自然实验,形成了体制内与体制外不同的职业机会。进入体制内和在体制外的人群的能力不同,形成的政府、市场、社会的能力也不相同。在过去30年里,向市场流动的机会包括了原农业职业人口主动的向上流动和原体制内人口因体制改革被动的向下流动。在非被动条件下,处于体制内职业人口向体制外的流动率几乎为零。如此,在政府—市场—社会的三角关系中,市场的平衡能力显然值得怀疑。在理论上,社会流动的机会性与选择性也可以成为社会流动探讨的新议题。Unlike the reforms in the East Europe, the gradual one in China has not removed the'in-regime'beings. China's reform, therefore,provides us with a natural laboratory for discussions on social mobility. It creates different occupational opportunities inside and outside regime. The differences between the capacities of the groups inside regime and those of the outside have resulted in different capacities of governments, market and society.In the past thirty years, the opportunities for flowing in market include the active upward mobility of the part of the population whose occupation was agriculture and the passive downward mobility of the part previously working in the regime because of the institutional reforms. When passive, the mobility of the working population from inside regime to outside it would be zero. Therefore,the balancing effects of market in the triangle relations among state, market and society can be doubtful. In theory, the opportunity and selectivity can also become a new topic for the explorations in social mobility.

关 键 词：市场化改革 社会特征 中国制造 人群 市场配置资源 市场主体 市场平衡 改革开放 

分 类 号：D61[政治法律—政治学]