建植年限对紫花苜蓿根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响  

Effects of planting years on functional diversity of carbon-metabolic microbial community in rhizosphere soils of alfalfa

作　　者：张萌萌[1] 敖红[1] 张景云[2] 鞠成梅[2] 胡举伟[1] 李鑫[1] 蔡敦江[2] 孙广玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省农垦科学院作物研究所,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《草业科学》2014年第5期787-796,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD37B02-03);黑龙江自然科学基金重点项目(ZD2011-05);黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GZ13B004)

摘　　要：利用BiologMT技术,研究了3个紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)品种(肇东苜蓿、中苜一号和阿尔冈金)的建植年限(两年和10年)对根际土壤微生物碳代谢多样性的影响。结果表明,建植10年紫花苜蓿的根际土壤在表征土壤微生物代谢活性的平均颜色变化率(AWCD)上明显高于建植两年的根际土壤,其中10年阿尔冈金的AWCD值最高,而两年肇东苜蓿的值最低。相同品种不同建植年限间,建植10年紫花苜蓿的根际土壤微生物McIntosh均匀度指数明显高于建植两年,而10年和两年根际土壤微生物在Shannon多样性指数和SimpsonMT优势度指数上差异不显著。这说明建植10年的紫花苜蓿改变了根际土壤微生物群落的组成结构,同时也提高了根际土壤微生物群落的多样性。通过主成分分析,相同品种、不同建植年限下土壤微生物的碳源利用模式出现的差异并不显著,但10年紫花苜蓿根际土壤微生物间碳源利用的模式存在差异,主要碳源为糖类、羧酸和氨基酸等。The present paper studied the effects of planting years （2 and 10 years） of three alfalfa varieties （Medicago satiua cv. Zhaodong, M. satiua Zhongmu No. 1, and M. satiua Argangjin） on the functional diversity of carbon source metabolism of microbial community in rhizosphere soils using Biolog^MT technology. The average well color development （AWCD） which symbolized the metabolic activity of soil microbes in the alfalfa soil of 10-year-age planting was obviously higher than that in the same alfalfa soil of 2-year-age planting. For all of three varieties, 10-year-age M. satiua Argangjin had the highest AWCD, while 2- year-age M. satiua cv. Zhaodong had the lowest AWCD. Between the two different planting years of the same alfalfa varieties, the McIntosh index was higher in the alfalfa soil for 10-year-age planting than thatfor 2-year-age planting, however, the Shannon index and Simpson index had no difference between the two different planting years. These results showed that the alfalfa of 10-year-age changed the composition and enhanced the diversity of the microbial community in the rhizosphere of soil. Principal component analysis （PCA） showed that there was no significant difference between the the carbon source utilization mode of the soil microbial community of the same variety for two planting ages. However, microbial carbon source modes of the 10-year-age alfalfa plantings soil were varied. The main carbon sources were carbohydrate, carboxylic acid, and amino acid.

关 键 词：建植年限 紫花苜蓿 微生物群落 Biolog^MT 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]