齐泰高速公路5种护坡灌木对碱胁迫的生理响应  

Physiological response of five shrubs to NaHCO_3 stress in Qitai Highway

作　　者：徐文远[1] 王晓春[2] 穆丽蔷[3] 姜雪昊[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学土木工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学生态研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《草业科学》2014年第5期850-857,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：黑龙江省交通运输厅科技项目(20100012)

摘　　要：本研究以紫穗槐（Amorpha fruticosa）、柽柳（Tamarix chinensis）、小叶锦鸡儿（Caragana microphylla）、沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides）和杨柴（Hedysarum fruticosumvar.mongolicum）两年龄灌木为试验材料,对其进行4个NaHCO3梯度处理（对照0、轻度胁迫0～0.5g·kg^-1、中度胁迫0.5～1.0g·kg＾-1和重度胁迫1.0～1.5g·kg＾-1）,7d后测定灌木叶片的质膜透性（RPP）、叶绿素（Chl）总量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性、丙二醛（MDA）含量、可溶性糖（SS）含量和脯氨酸（Pro）含量,探讨5种植物耐NaHCO3胁迫能力。结果表明,随着碱胁迫的加剧,5种灌木RPP均呈上升趋势,其中杨柴的RPP大幅度增大;叶绿素含量均逐渐下降,柽柳变化幅度较大,小叶锦鸡儿变化趋于平缓。5种植物各胁迫时期的SOD、MDA、SS、Pro含量都呈现上升趋势,除紫穗槐以外,5种植物的Pro含量均发生了较大变化。通过隶属函数对5种灌木生理指标进行综合分析得出,耐NaHCO3胁迫能力由高至低为紫穗槐〉杨柴〉柽柳〉沙棘〉小叶锦鸡儿。紫穗槐和杨柴适应所设全部盐碱浓度的公路边坡下生长,有较强的适应性。沙棘较适合中度盐碱浓度公路边坡条件下生长,柽柳较适合重度盐碱浓度公路边坡条件下生长。Songnen Plain is one of the world＇s 3 largest Soda Saline-Alkali Soil and one of China＇s 5 major saline-alkali soil. Saline-alkali soil as an environmental factor has restricted development of farming and animal husbandry. Qitai highway is located in Songnen Plain which has serious soda saline-alkaline hazard. Salt resistance plant selection is of great significance for the ecological restoration in this area. The main components of Soda Saline-Alkali Soil is NaHCO3 which has more extent of injury to plant more than other harm and easily form white alkali spot on the surface of the earth to restrict plants growth. The ecological environment destruction of Saline-Alkali Soil was great and difficult to recover, especially for highway slope with road construction. In the present paper, five shrubs including Amorpha fruticosa, Tamarix chinensis, Caragana microphylla, Hippophae rharnnoides and Hedysarum fruticosurn vat. mongolicumwere selected as test material. After 7 days treatments with 4 different NaHCO3 stress （0, 0～0.5, 0.5～1.0 and 1.0～1.5 g·kg ^-1）, different indices including shrub leaf plasma membrane permeability （RPP）, chlorophyll （Chl） content, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, solu- ble sugar （SS） content and proline （Pro） content were measured to test shrubs resistant to NaHCO3 stress. With the NaHCO3 stress increased, all of 5 shrubs’ membrane permeability increased,the total Chl amount of C. microphylla first increased and then decreased, the other four shrubs’ chlorophyll content declined. With the stress extended, MDA, SS, SOD, Pro content of 5 shrubs increased except with Pro content of A. fruticosa. All of these variations indicated that the tested shrubs can induce physiological protection to resist the stress of NaHCO3. However, these 5 tested shrubs had different protected ability with following order： A. fruticosa〉 H. fruticosum var. mongolicum 〉 T. chinensis〉H. rhamnoides〉C. microphyll. A. fruticosa and H. f

关 键 词：松嫩平原 NAHCO3胁迫 公路边坡 植物生理生态 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]