NICU早产儿医院感染分析  

Analysis of nosocomial infections of premature infants in NICU

作　　者：张卫红[1] 刘汉楚[2] 向赟[3] 张振[3] 曾凌空[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉市儿童医院门诊输液室,湖北武汉430016 [2]武汉市儿童医院新生儿内科,湖北武汉430016 [3]武汉市儿童医院检验科,湖北武汉430016

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第24期6211-6212,6215,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2011CHB042)

摘　　要：目的研究新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)早产儿医院感染的易感因素、病原菌谱及其耐药性,为控制和预防早产儿医院感染提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析2010年3月-2013年3月医院NICU 927例早产儿作为研究对象,研究早产儿医院感染的发病率、危险因素、病原菌,并检测其耐药性,采用SPSS17.0进行统计分析。结果 NICU 927例早产儿中医院感染79例,感染率8.5%;感染部位以呼吸道及消化道为主,分别占38.0%及35.4%;检出病原菌主要为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌及金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占22.8%、20.3%及19.0%;喂养不耐受、气管插管呼吸机治疗、疼痛评分>7分、留置静脉导管、住院时间>2周、体质量<1 500g是早产儿医院感染的危险因素。结论早产儿医院感染发生率高于足月儿,涉及许多内源性和外源性因素,且耐药菌株多;应积极减少留院时间和侵入性操作、治疗喂养不耐受和疼痛,改善医院感染情况。OBJECTIVE To investigate the predisposing factors ,pathogenic bacterial profile and drug resistance for nosocomial infections of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit （NICU ） so as to provide theoretical reference for control and prevention of neonatal nosocomial infections .METHODS A retrospective cohort study was preformed focusing on NICU premature infants from Mar .2010 to Mar .2013 .The incidence ,predisposing factors ,and pathogens as well as the drug resistance were analyzed .The software SPSS17 .0 was used for statisti‐cal analysis .RESULTS There were 79 premature infants in NICU confirmed with nosocomial infection （the infec‐tion rate 8 .5% ） .The main infection sites were respiratory tract （38 .0% ） ,followed by digestive system 35 .4% . The main pathogenic bacteria were K lebsiella pneumoniae （22 .8% ） ,Escherichia coli （20 .3% ） ,and Staphylo‐coccus aureus （19 .0% ） .Feeding intolerance ,endotracheal intubation ,PIPP scone ＆gt;7 ,indwelling venous cathe‐ter ,hospital stay＆gt;2 weeks ,birth weight ＆lt;1500 g were risk factors for nosocomial infections .CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections in premature infants is higher than that in term infants .These infections are as‐sociated with many internal and external causes ,with large proportion of multi‐resistant strains of bacteria detec‐ted ,more effort should be done to decrease hospitalization days ,invasive procedures treat pain ,and feeding intol‐erance so as improve the situation of nosocomial infections .

关 键 词：早产儿 医院感染 危险因素 预防 

分 类 号：R722.13[医药卫生—儿科]