医务人员职业暴露相关危险因素调查与分析  

Investigation and analysis of the related risk factors of occupational exposure in medical staff

作　　者：罗斌华[1] 吴志勇[2] 李福太[1] 陈丽霞[1] 沈燕如[1] 兰玉娟[1] 吕芷娴 

机构地区：[1]江西省人民医院医院感染管理科 [2]江西省人民医院医院心血管内科,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第24期6223-6225,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：江西省卫生厅科技基金资助项目(20113012)

摘　　要：目的了解医务人员职业暴露相关危险因素,分析发生原因,为制定医务人员职业暴露预防措施提供依据。方法对2010年1月-2012年12月109名医务人员发生职业暴露相关情况进行统计分析,采用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果 109名职业暴露人员中,实习护士、临床护士、内科医师、外科医师、助产士及保洁员分别占56.88%、27.52%、6.42%、4.59%、2.75%及1.84%;暴露发生部位主要为手或手指,占90.82%;暴露时发生操作以拔针为主,占47.70%;暴露源以乙型肝炎居首位,占57.80%,其次为未知暴露源,占22.02%。结论加强医务人员职业防护培训,建立职业暴露报告管理制度,提高医务人员标准预防意识,完善防护用品,可有效防止职业暴露事件的发生。OBJECTIVE To understand the related risk factors of occupational exposure in medical staff ,and analyze the causes ,so as to provide basis of prevention measures for occupational exposure in medical staff .METHODS Totally 109 cases of occupational exposure in medical staff from Jan .2010 to Dec .2012 were analyzed .The soft‐ware SPSS13 .0 was used for statistical analysis .RESULTS In the 109 cases of occupational exposure ,practical nurses ,clinical nurses , physicians , surgeons ,midwives and cleaning staff accounted for 56 .88% ,27 .52% , 6 .42% ,4 .59% ,2 .75% and 1 .84% .The main exposure site was the hand or fingers ,accounting for 90 .82% . Teasing needle was the main operation where the exposure happened ,accounting for 47 .70% .Hepatitis B was the leading exposure source accounting for 57 .80% ,followed by unknown exposure sources accounting for 22 .02% . CONCLUSION To strengthen the occupation protection training of medical staff ,establish a management system of occupational exposure report ,raise the awareness of standard prevention of medical staff ,and improve the protec‐tive equipment can effectively reduce the occupational exposure event .

关 键 词：医务人员 职业暴露 危险因素 分析 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]