2011和2012年浙江省肿瘤医院感染横断面调查分析  

Cross-sectional survey on nosocomial infections in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital in 2011 and 2012

作　　者：徐小仙[1] 周晓芳[1] 余元明[1] 吴晔芳 

机构地区：[1]浙江省肿瘤医院肿瘤妇科,杭州310022

出　　处：《中华临床感染病杂志》2014年第5期405-408,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases

摘　　要：目的 了解浙江省肿瘤医院医院感染现状及抗菌药物使用情况.方法 采用横断面调查方法对浙江省肿瘤医院2011年8月11日和2012年6月19日所有临床科室住院患者医院感染情况,抗菌药物使用目的（治疗用药、预防用药、治疗＋预防用药）,使用方法（一联、二联、三联及以上）及病原菌检出情况进行统计,并采用χ^2检验比较两年间上述指标的差异.结果 2011和2012年分别调查住院患者854和886例,医院感染现患率为5.27％ （45/854）和5.08％ （45/886）,二年间感染现患率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.186,P＞0.05）.2011和2012年医院感染部位均以下呼吸道为主,分别为28.89％和36.96％,两年间各部位感染构成比差异无统计学意义（χ^2=1.415,P＞0.05）;两年间抗菌药物使用率分别为18.03％ （154/854）和20.99％（186/886）,以一联用药为主,抗菌药物使用目的和用药方法构成比差异无统计学意义（χ^2=1.994和3.042,P＞0.05）,在治疗性使用抗菌药物的患者中,病原菌送检率分别为94.92％（56/59）和87.69％（57/65）,检出的病原菌主要为大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌等革兰阴性菌.结论 浙江省肿瘤医院感染控制较为理想,抗菌药物使用管理取得了较好的成效.Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections and the use of antibacterial agents in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital.Methods The cross-sectional survey on nosocomial infections was conducted among inpatients in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital on August 11,2011 and June 19,2012.The differences in prevalence rates of nosocomial infections,purposes of antibacterial agents use （for treatment,for prevention,or for both treatment and prevention）,methods of medication （single or combined medication）,and pathogen detections between 2011 and 2012 were analyzed with x2 test.Results There were 854 and 886 patients enrolled in the study in 2011 and 2012,and the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections were 5.27% （45/854） and 5.08% （45/886）,respectively （χ^2 =0.186,P 〉 0.05）.Lower respiratory tract infection was the most common nosocomial infections both in 2011 and 2012,which accounted for 28.89% and 36.96% of all infections,respectively; and there was no significant difference in infection sites between 2011 and 2012 （χ^2 =1.415,P〉0.05）.Totally 154 out of 854 patients （18.03%）in 2011 and 186 out of 886 patients （20.99%） in 2012 received antibacterial agents,and single medication was the most common.There were no significant differences in the purposes and methods of medication between 2011 and 2012 （χ^2 =1.994 and 3.042,P 〉 0.05）.Pathogen detections were performed in 56 out of 59 patients （94.92%） and 57 out of 65 patients （87.69%） who received antibacterial agents for treatment in 2011 and 2012,respectively.The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Acinetobacter baumanni.Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital is of the satisfactory level,which is due to the good management of antibacterial agents use.

关 键 词：交叉感染 横断面研究 病原菌 现患率 

分 类 号：R197.5[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]