锡对粉末冶金铜基摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响  

Effects of Sn Content on Friction and Wear Properties of Copper Matrix Frictional Material

作　　者：孙忠刚[1] 高飞[1] 王德庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2014年第12期29-33,38,共6页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51241003);中国铁路总公司重点科技计划项目(2013J011-E)

摘　　要：采用粉末冶金的方法制备铜基摩擦材料，利用 GF150D 型定速摩擦试验机，研究摩擦速度为200-3000 r／min、制动压力为0.38-0.63 MPa条件下，锡的质量分数在0-14％范围内材料的摩擦学行为。结果表明，材料中添加锡可明显提高材料的摩擦因数，其中锡质量分数为12％左右时材料的摩擦因数达到最高值，这是因为低锡含量时材料的强度不高使摩擦因数偏低，而锡含量过高时润滑作用增强，导致材料的摩擦因数降低；锡的质量分数在8％-12％范围对降低高速摩擦条件下的磨损率作用明显，这缘于合理的锡含量提高了材料的强度使材料的耐磨性提高；在低摩擦速度下，摩擦因数随着制动压力的增加而增加，而在高摩擦速度下，摩擦因数随压力增加而降低；在高速高压摩擦中，由于摩擦温度高以及第三体数量和基体软化程度与流动性的增加，导致摩擦因数降低。A Copper matrix friction material was prepared by powder metallurgy method,and the friction and wear prop-erties were investigated on GF150D friction fixed velocity tester,with tin content of 0-14% under the friction velocities range of 200-3 000 r/min and the brake pressures range of 0.38-0.63 MPa.The experimental results show that the fric-tion coefficient of the material is significantly improved with adding tin in the friction material,among which the friction co-efficient reaches the highest value when tin content is about 12%.It is because that lower strength of material at low tin content causes lower friction coefficient,while the function of lubrication is increased with over-high amount of tin,which results in the decrease of friction coefficient of the material.The content of tin in the range of 8%-12 %can significantly reduce the wear rate under the condition of high-speed friction,which is because that the material strength is improved and the wear durability is increased after adding the tin.The friction coefficient of the material is increased with increasing of brake pressure at low velocity,and is decreased with increasing of brake pressure at high velocity.Under condition of high velocity and great brake pressure,the third body quantity and matrix softening and plasticity are increased due to the in-creased friction temperature,and the friction coefficient is decreased.

关 键 词：铜基摩擦材料 锡 摩擦磨损 第三体 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]