黄河爆破破冰的水中冲击波特性试验研究  

Experimental Research on Underwater Shock Wave Characteristic of Ice Blasting at Yellow River

作　　者：梁向前[1] 熊峰[1] 陆遐龄[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《爆破》2014年第4期1-4,10,共5页Blasting

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2011BAK09B02);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51339006);中国水利水电科学研究院科研专项(岩集1308)

摘　　要：以黄河包头磴口段开河期冰盖为试验对象,开展了多种新型破冰弹的爆破破冰综合试验。重点介绍了2#岩石乳化炸药单药包在不同入水深度处爆破和多药包群爆破冰试验,实测了水中爆破冲击波压力,分析计算了单药包爆破水击波压力幅值与入水深度的相关性、多药包群爆水击波压力变化特征及冲击波冲量等,归纳总结了冰盖覆盖下单药包和多药包爆破水中冲击波压力经验计算公式以及水中冲击波波速值。研究成果为冰盖覆盖下爆破水击波特性增添了新的内容,同时为新型防凌破冰装备的研制应用及安全控制提供了理论依据。The comprehensive experiments of new ice blasting missile were conducted during the period of break-ing at Dengkou in the Yellow River. The experiments with 2# rock emulsion explosive and multiple explosive at dif-ferent water depth were introduced,and the underwater shock waves were also detected in the test field. By the rela-tionship between the underwater shock wave stress amplitude and the depth of single explosive under water,the char-acteristics of shock wave pressure and impulse of shock wave were obtained. Further more,the formula of underwater shock wave stress with single explosive and multiple explosive and the velocity of underwater shock wave were calcu-lated. The results from the underwater shock wave under the cover of ice provided theoretical support for ice breaking equipment.

关 键 词：黄河破冰 乳化炸药 水中冲击波 衰减特性 波速值 

分 类 号：TV542.5[水利工程—水利水电工程]