褐菖鲉和松江鲈侧线形态的比较  

A comparative study on the lateral line morphology of Sebastiscus marmoratus and Trachidermus fasciatus

作　　者：韦璐[1,2,3,4] 宋佳坤[1,2,3,4] 潘连德[1,2] 张旭光[1,2,3,4] 王晓杰[1,2,3,4] 范纯新[1,2,3,4] 郭弘艺[1,2,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学国际海洋研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学海洋生物系统与神经科学研究所,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2014年第6期801-809,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41406150);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB111608);上海高校水产学一流学科建设项目(A2-2019-14-0001-4);上海海洋大学国际海洋中心(A1-0209-13-0802)

摘　　要：鱼类的侧线类型是由分类地位还是由环境的适应而定是进化形态学的关键问题之一。通过光镜和扫描电镜,首次描述和比较了同属鲉形目的褐菖鲉和松江鲈的侧线形态及其分布。研究结果显示,两种研究对象的侧线都仅具机械感觉系统,包括管道侧线和表面神经丘,但它们的形态及分布有差异。褐菖鲉头部管道属分枝型;松江鲈属简单型管道,比褐菖鲉有更多的表面神经丘。这两种鱼都属以管道为主,表面神经丘为辅助来感知水流动态的类型,但是,栖息在急流的褐菖鲉具有分枝型管道侧线和较少的表面神经丘分布;生活在缓流的松江鲈有简单型管道侧线和较多的表面神经丘分布,表明这些侧线的形态特征与不同栖息地水流环境关系密切。本文认为,分类地位接近的褐菖鲉和松江鲈侧线系统的形态区别,是其在进化过程中对不同栖息地水流特征的适应而形成。Whether the adaptation or the phylogenetic constrain impacts the morphological patterns of lateral line system is still a question in the evolutionary morphology. To approach this question,by using light and scanning electron microscopy,we compared the morphology and distribution patterns of the lateral line system in two species of Scorpaeniformes： False kelpfish（ Sebastiscus marmoratus） and roughskin sculpin（ Trachidermus fasciatus）. The mechanosensory lateral line system of S. marmoratus and T. fasciatus are composed of canals and superficial neuromasts. The S. marmoratus,which lives in turbulent fast flowing habitats,has a developed branching canal system and fewer superficial neuromasts. In contrast,the T.fasciatus which resides in slow flowing habitats,has a simple unbranched canal system and more superficial neuromasts. Our results show that both of the patterns mainly depend on using canal lateral line system to perceive water motion with compensation of the superficial neuromasts for sensation of accurate information from the surrounding water movement. The differences of morphological patterns of the lateral line system in two systematically closely related species reflect that adaptation to the habitat hydrodynamic environment plays an important role in evolution process of morphological character formation in fish.

关 键 词：褐菖鲉 松江鲈 侧线系统 显微结构 亚显微结构 适应性进化 

分 类 号：Q954.1[生物学—动物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]