不同粒径的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥脱氮性能研究  

The nitrogen removal performance of anammox granules of different sizes

作　　者：郑照明[1] 刘常敬[1] 郑林雪[1] 张美雪[1] 陈光辉[1] 赵白航[1] 李军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2014年第12期3078-3085,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX 07201011);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8122005);国家自然科学基金青年基金(51308010);北京市教委面上项目(KM201210005028)

摘　　要：通过血清瓶批试研究了温度为25℃时,粒径为R1（＆gt;2.5mm）,R2（1.5~2.5mm）,R3（0.5~1.5mm）的厌氧氨氧化（anammox）颗粒污泥的脱氮特性.R1,R2,R3的厌氧氨氧化TN去除速率分别为0.555,0.423,0.456kgN/（kgVSS？d）,R1的TN去除活性最大,R2和R3的TN去除活性相差不大.anammox 颗粒污泥的厌氧氨氧化 TN 去除、亚硝态氮反硝化、硝态氮反硝化、好氧氨氧化、好氧亚硝态氮氧化速率平均值分别为0.478,0.028,0.037,0.050,0.033kgN/（kgVSS？d）.扫描电镜显示 anammox 颗粒污泥表面存在孔洞,有助于缓解粒径对传质效率的不利影响.颗粒污泥外部以球状菌为主,可能为好氧氨氧化菌（AOB）,有助于缓解氧气对 anammox 菌的抑制作用；颗粒污泥内部以火山口状的细菌为主,可能为anammox菌.The nitrogen removal performance of anammox （anaerobic ammonium oxidation） granules in different sizes R1（above 2.5mm）, R2（1.5~2.5mm）, and R3（0.5~1.5mm） were investigated by serum bottle batch tests under 25℃.The specific anammox activities of granules R1, R2, R3 were 0.555, 0.423, 0.456kgN/（kgVSS？d）, respectively. The value of R1was the highest, while the values of R2 and R3 were similar. The average specific anammox activity, denitrification activity of nitrite, denitrification activity of nitrate, aerobic ammonium oxidation activity and aerobic nitrite oxidation activity were 0.478,0.028,0.037,0.050,0.033kgN/（kgVSS？d）, respectively. The SEM indicated that some holes lied in the outer part of anammox granule, which redused the adverse effects of particle size on mass transfer efficiency. In the outer part of anammox granule, bacteria were mainly spherical, which may be AOB. In the inner part of the anammox granule, the bacteria were mainly crater-shaped, which should be anammox bacteria. Owing to this structure, the anammox bacterium was able to relieve from the adverse effects of oxygen.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 颗粒污泥 粒径 脱氮特性 传质作用 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]