澜沧江干流(中国境内)2011年夏季浮游植物群落结构特征  

Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Main Channel of Lancang River(Territory of China) in Summer,2011

作　　者：雷欢[1] 憨雪莹[1] 谢文星[1] 黄道明[1] 常秀岭[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所、水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2014年第6期67-74,共8页Journal of Hydroecology

摘　　要：为了解澜沧江干流（中国境内）浮游植物的种类、密度、生物量，探究其种类组成、现存量、多样性指数等群落特征指数与生态分布特点，根据其流域特点，2011年5月28日至7月14日在干流从上游至下游共布设21个采样点进行了浮游植物调查。结果表明，浮游植物有10^4种，以硅藻门和绿藻门为主；其中，硅藻门72种，占检出种类的69．23％；绿藻门15种，占14．43％；蓝藻门11种，占10．58％；甲藻门和金藻门各2种，分别占1．92％；裸藻门和红藻门各1种，分别占0.96％。澜沧江干流夏季浮游植物密度为20.280×10^4～95.064×10^4个／L，平均密度为41.5171×10^4个／L个／L，小湾库区的浮游植物密度最高，旧州最低；浮游植物生物量为0.33～0.87 mg／L，平均生物量为0．59 mg／L，漫湾库区的生物量最高，橄榄坝最低；硅藻门密度和生物量最高，占总密度的90．77％和总生物量的68．86％。澜沧江干流夏季浮游植物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为0．59～3．31，糯扎渡最高，小湾最低；均匀度指数为0．12～0．65，糯扎渡最高，小湾最低；物种丰富度指数为0．48～3．18，旧州最高，糯扎渡最低。In this study we characterized the phytoplankton density, biomass and species composition of the main stream of the Lancang River （ territory of China） , and analyzed the distribution, standing stock and diversity index of the phytoplankton community, which provides basic data for the investigation and analysis of the aquatic ecologi-cal environment in this region.From May, 28 to July, 14 of 2011, the investigation was conducted at 21 sample sites from upstream to downstream of the Lancang River.Phytoplankton for qualitative analysis was collected with a No.25 plankton net and 2 000 mL water sample for quantitative analysis were collected 0.5 m below the water sur-face and concentrated to 30 mL after 48 h settling for subsequent identification and counting under a microscope.A total of 10^4 species belonging to 7 phyla were identified.Among them, Bacillariophyta dominated, with 72 species and accounting for 69.23% of the total phytoplankton species, followed by Chlorophyta （ 15 ） and Cyanophyta （11）, accounting for 14.43%and 10.58%, respectively.However, only two species in each phylum of Pyrrophy-ta and Chrysophyta, one species of Euglenophyta and Rhodophyta were observed during the survey.The species composition of the phytoplankton community in the Lancang River reflected the characteristics of a natural river′s phytoplankton community, dominated by Bacillariophyta which prefer flowing water.Phytoplankton density and bio-mass were in the range of 202 800 -950 640 ind./L and 0.33 -0.87 mg/L, with average values of 415 171 ind./L and 0.59 mg/L, respectively.The highest density and biomass were both in Bacillariophyta, ac-counting for 90.77%and 68.86%of the total density and biomass.With respect to spatial distribution, the highest density was found in the Xiaowan Reservoir area and the lowest in Jiuzhou; the highest biomass was recorded in Manwan Reservoir area and the lowest in Ganlanba.The density and biomass of the phytoplankton community were higher in reservoir areas as a result of environment

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 澜沧江 夏季 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]