江苏省杂交粳稻与常规粳稻新品种主要品质性状和抗病性的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Main Grain Quality Traits and Disease Resistances of New Varieties between Japonica Hybrid Rice and Conventional Japonica Rice in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：王小虎[1,2,3] 钟卫国[3] 胡江[2] 周勇 孙菊英[3] 端木银熙[3] 梁国华 钱前[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省遗传生理重点实验室、教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310006 [3]常熟市农业科学研究所、江苏省杂交晚粳工程技术研究中心、国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心常熟分中心,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2014年第6期68-72,共5页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2012307);江苏省三新工程[sxgc(2013)097];苏州市科技支撑计划(SNG201202,SNG201308)

摘　　要：利用2010—2012年江苏省杂交粳稻与常规粳稻区域试验数据,对新育成杂交粳稻与常规粳稻品种的主要品质性状及抗性进行比较分析。结果表明:杂交中粳的主要品质性状与常规中粳相比没有竞争优势,杂交晚粳的主要品质性状与常规晚粳相比具有一定的竞争优势;垩白度和垩白粒率在品种间的变异系数明显大于其它品质性状,是影响粳稻品质最重要的指标,也是制约江苏省杂交粳稻品质性状提高的主要因素;杂交粳稻对苗瘟、穗颈瘟、纹枯病的抗性总体优于常规粳稻,而对白叶枯病、条纹叶枯病的抗性弱于常规粳稻。江苏省杂交粳稻育种应加强稻米垩白度和垩白粒率的改良,重视综合抗病性的提高。Based on regional trial data of japonica hybrid rice （JHR） and conventional japonica rice （C JR） in Jian- gsu Province from 2010 to 2012, the main grain quality traits and disease resistance performance of the new varie- ties were compared and analyzed between JHR and C JR. The results showed that the medium japonica hybrid rice （MJHR） was not superior to the conventional medium japonica rice（CMJR） while the late japonica hybrid rice （LJHR） had a certain superiority to the conventional late japonica rice （CLJR） in the main grain quality traits. The ehalkiness degree and chalky rice rate had much greater variation coefficients among varieties than the other grain quality traits, indicating that they have the most important effects on the grain quality of japonica rice, and are also the limiting factors in improving the grain quality of japonica hybrid rice in Jiangsu Province. On the whole, JHR had a better resistance to seedling blast, neck blast and sheath blight but a poorer resistance to bacterial leaf blight and rice stripe disease than C JR. The strategy for JHR breeding in Jiangsu Province would be strengthening the im- provement of the chalkiness degree and the chalky rice rate, and paying more attention to improving the multiple re- sistance to diseases.

关 键 词：杂交粳稻 常规粳稻 稻米品质 抗病性 比较分析 江苏省 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学] S334