不同耕作覆盖措施下延收对春玉米产量及籽粒品质的影响  

Effect of delayed harvesting on yield and grain quality of spring maize under different film mulching patterns

作　　者：臧逸飞[1] 郝明德[1,2] 王忠有 黄耀明 张涛 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]渭南市农机推广站,陕西渭南714000 [4]宝鸡市农机管理中心,陕西宝鸡721000 [5]咸阳市农机管理中心,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2014年第6期134-137,148,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：西北农林科技大学推广专项"玉米延收增产技术试验与示范"(TGZX2012-22);国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2011BAD31B01);宁夏农业综合开发科技推广项目

摘　　要：选用5种耕作覆盖方式和7个采收时期研究延收对籽粒产量、千粒重、籽粒蛋白质、脂肪、淀粉含量及其对应的产出量的影响，为玉米获得高产优质提供依据。结果表明：适时延收可使玉米产量及主要营养成分产出量明显增加，延收15 d ，产量增幅为10．19％～15．62％，千粒重增幅为14．70％～20．39％；籽粒蛋白质含量增加0．26％～1．29％，产出量增加117～230 kg·hm^-2；脂肪含量增加0．05％～0．40％，产出量增加54～78 kg·hm^-2；淀粉含量虽然降低0．5％～4．9％，但产出量仍然增加340～773 kg·hm^-2。黄土高原地区春玉米延收15 d具有明显的增产和提高籽粒品质产量的效果，但增幅因耕作和覆盖方式不同而存在差异。The study aims to investigate the effect of delayed harvesting on spring maize yield ,1000-grain weight , grain protein content ,fat content ,and starch content with five mulching treatments and seven treatments of harvesting time .The results showed that optimal harvest time significantly increased yield and grain quality of maize .With the delay of harvest time by 15 days ,yield was increased by 10 .19% ~15 .62% ,1000-grain weight by 10 .19% ~15 .62% , grain protein content by 0 .26% ~1 .29% ,and protein yield by 117~230 kg·hm^-2 ,and fat content by 0 .05% ~0 .40% .Although starch content was reduced by 0 .5% ~4 .9% ,its yield was increased by 340~773 kg·hm^-2 .Ex-tending harvest time to 15 days showed a significant increase in yield and grain quality of spring maize in Loess Plateau , but its effect varied with mulching patterns .

关 键 词：春玉米 延收 耕作覆盖方式 产量 籽粒品质 

分 类 号：S513.091[农业科学—作物学]