大电流放电条件下气体火花开关电性能研究  

Investigation on Electrical Performances of Gas Spark Gaps in High Current Discharge

作　　者：谢昌明[1] 谈效华[1] 杜涛[1] 尚绍环[1] 肖明珠[1] 王琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《高压电器》2014年第12期36-40,共5页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金："十二五"预研基金资助项目(426010402-3)~~

摘　　要：针对钼、钨铜合金和钨3种主电极材料的气体火花开关,进行大电流放电实验,研究气体火花开关电性能随放电次数的变化规律。结果表明,随放电次数增多,气体火花开关的击穿电压呈现逐渐下降趋势,下限工作电压逐渐升高;实验后开关电极表面形成了大量裂纹、烧蚀坑和突起等烧蚀特征。对比3种开关可知,在多次放电过程中钨开关的电性能较稳定,开关工作寿命最长;钼开关电性能参数波动较大,且开关在实验后期失效,开关寿命最短;钨铜合金开关的下限工作电压值偏高,且波动较大,击穿电压较稳定,开关寿命较长。因此可优先选用具有优异抗烧蚀性能的钨作为长寿命气体火花开关电极材料。High current discharge experiments were conducted on the gas spark gaps（GSGs） with Mo,WCu,and W for their main electrode materials to investigate the variation of three GSGs＇ electrical performances with discharge number.Experimental results indicate that with discharge number increases,the self-breakdown voltages of three GSGs decrease and minimum working voltages increase.A great number of cracks,erosion craters and saliences are observed on the surfaces of the electrodes.Among three GSGs,the GSG with W-electrode exhibits steady electrical performance during multiple discharge process and the longest lifetime;the GSG with Mo-electrode shows clear undulation of the electrical performance and the shortest lifetime;and the GSG with WCu alloy-electrode exhibits elevated and undulating lower-limit working voltage,steady self-breakdown voltage,and longer lifetime.Therefore,tungsten with excellent anti-erosion performance could be selected as the preferred electrode material for GSG.

关 键 词：气体火花开关 电极烧蚀 电极材料 电性能 寿命 

分 类 号：TM564[电气工程—电器]