苏北废黄河三角洲海岸线动态演变分析  

Analysis of the dynamic changes of the coastline along the Abandoned Yellow River delta of Northern Jiangsu,China

作　　者：彭修强[1,2] 夏非[1,3] 张永战[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院海岸海洋科学系海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [2]有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院,江苏南京210007 [3]江苏第二师范学院城市与资源环境学院,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《海洋通报》2014年第6期630-636,共7页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国土资源部公益性行业科研专项(201011019);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1103408)

摘　　要：以苏北废黄河三角洲海岸1989、1995、2006和2010年4期Landsat TM影像为数据源,运用一般高潮线法,对各期影像分类处理后提取海岸线,分析了研究区海岸线21年间动态演变的时空分布特征,并初步探讨其主要控制因素。结果表明:(1)北翼灌河口—中山河口岸段在1989-2010年21年间整体表现为蚀淤交替,淤积岸段逐渐向南迁移,主要集中分布于普港和新滩港岸段,平均淤积速率最大达39.82 m/a(2006-2010);中部岬角中山河口—扁担河口岸段在研究期间平均蚀退速率为13.79 m/a,其中南段侵蚀强度最高,可达23.23 m/a,为整个研究区海岸侵蚀最快的岸段,北段次之,中段最低,随时间推进,总体侵蚀渐缓;南翼扁担河口—夸套河口岸段21年间平均蚀退速率达17.30 m/a,夸套河口以南则呈现快速淤积-缓慢淤积-蚀淤基本平衡的过渡态势。(2)近20多年来,废黄河三角洲海岸由于受到海岸轮廓形态、动力作用(波浪、潮流、沿岸流与重力等)及人类活动(保滩护岸工程、盐田与围垦工程及港口工程等)的影响,各岸段呈现出不同的侵蚀-淤积特点。Coastlines of the Abandoned Yellow River delta, Northern Jiangsu in 1989, 1995, 2006 and 2010 were extracted from Landsat TM images based on a mean high water level （ MHWL） model. The temporal and spatial changes of the coastline along the Abandoned Yellow River delta during the entire 21 years （ 1989-2010） were analyzed and the main control factors of the changes were also discussed preliminarily. The following results could be gotten that： （1） The maximum mean siltation rate of the northern section between the Guanhe and Zhongshanhe River mouth, which presented a state of alternative erosion and siltation during 1989-2010, reached up to 39.82 m/a during 2006-2010 and the silting area mainly concentrated in the part between the Pugang and Xintangang River mouth. Furthermore, the silting area migrated southwards gradually. The mean erosion rate of the middle section between the Zhongshanhe and Biandanhe River mouth during the 21 years was 13.79 m/a. Meanwhile, the maximum erosion intensity of this section and even the whole studied area appeared in the southern part, of which the mean erosion rate reached up to 23.23 m/a, followed by the medium in the middle part and the lowest in the northern part, presenting a decreasing tendency as time went on. The erosion rate of the southern section between the Biandanhe and Kuataohe River mouth averaged 17.30 m/a during the 21 years. The section south to the Kuataohe River mouth usually presented a transitional state of ＆quot;Rapid siltation-Decreasing siltation-General balance＆quot; . （2） In the last 20 years, different sections of the coastline along the Abandoned Yellow River delta presented different erosion-siltation patterns due to the impacts of the coastal outline, hydrodynamics （wave, tidal current, littoral current and gravity, etc.） and human activities （coastal protection engineering, salt field, reclamation and port construction, etc.） .

关 键 词：海岸线 遥感解译 一般高潮线法 动态演变 废黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：P737[天文地球—海洋地质]