1552例小儿烧伤流行病学特点分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of 1552 pediatric burns

作　　者：李勇[1] 许瑾[2] 章祥洲[1] 武朱明[1] 余勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]蚌埠市第三人民医院烧伤整形科,233000 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院整形烧伤科,202150

出　　处：《中华损伤与修复杂志（电子版）》2014年第5期32-37,共6页Chinese Journal of Injury Repair and Wound Healing(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的：研究本地区小儿烧伤流行病学特点，了解小儿烧伤相关的临床规律、疾病发展趋势以及存在的问题。方法统计蚌埠市第三人民医院烧伤整形科2001年1月至2010年2月收治的1552例住院烧伤小儿患者资料，对小儿烧伤的致伤原因、发病时间、城市与农村烧伤患儿性别比例、男女患儿平均烧伤面积及不同时间段城市与农村男女烧伤患儿在院前急救、未完成治疗比例、受不同教育程度监护人自我救治符合率、小儿烧伤发病年龄变化趋势等进行统计分析和比较。结果热液烫伤是本地区小儿烧伤的主要原因（88.6%）。本地区小儿烧伤多发于早、晚餐及睡前洗浴时段。2001年至2003年自我救治医学常规符合率与2008年至2010年相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05），女性患儿平均烧伤面积大于男性患儿，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。2008年至2010年未完成治疗率与2001年至2003年相比，男性患儿为24.61% vs 31.23%，女性则为45.60% vs 40.36%，统计分析显示差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。监护人受教育程度与救治合理率无明显正相关。小儿烧伤平均年龄从2001年的平均（3.13±2.65）岁降至2010年的平均（2.10±2.16）岁。0-3岁小儿烧伤比例从2001年的69.57%增加2010年的87.85%。烧伤后期进行系统瘢痕康复治疗病例少，无统计数据。结论本地区热液是小儿烧伤最常见的原因。居民对烧伤救治知识的掌握程度滞后于社会经济的发展和受教育水平的提高，提示专业机构对烧伤防护救治常识宣传教育的不足。女性患儿可能受到一定程度的性别歧视。经济困难不能成为未完成治疗的主要原因。小儿烧伤有低龄化趋势，在低幼儿童（0-3岁）小儿烧伤可能存在基础发病率。小儿烧伤后的康复治疗严重欠缺归因于监护人对烧伤后瘢痕畸形的危害认知不足以及医疗投入的缺乏。应当把小儿烧伤[Abstrac] Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric burn in the region and the trend of the disease,clinical regularity and the problems with it. Methods This study was on 1552 hospitalized burns cases in the Third Hospital of Bengbu from January 2001 to December 2010 and the causes of burn injury,prone time,sex ratio of rural areas and city patients,average burn area,the difference of self treatment among rural areas and city patients,the ratio of the cases without completion of the treatment in＆amp;nbsp;hospital,self treatment reasonable rate of guardians in the different education level,change trend of burns cases＇age were analyzed and compared. Results Hot liquid scald was the main reason for the region of pediatric burn（88. 6% ）. It much hair at breakfast,dinner and before bed. Compared the reasonable rate of self treatment in the early years（2001-2003）and late（2008-2010）,there was no significant difference （P〉 0. 05）,the average burn areas of female patients was larger than the male patients,there was significant difference（P〈 0. 05）. Comparison the rate of unfinished hospitalization between 2008-2010 and 2001-2003,24. 61% vs 31. 23% in male patients,female was 45. 60% vs 40. 36% . Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference（P〉 0. 05）. The proportion of hospitalized had not decreased with the economic improvement and the popularity of medical insurance,the education level of guardians had no significant positive correlation with reasonable rate treatment. The average age of pediatric burn was from （3. 13 ± 2. 65）years old in 2001 fall to（2. 10 ± 2. 16）in 2010. In 0-3 years old children,the proportion of hospitalization from 69. 57% in 2001 increased to 87. 85% in 2010. Few case carry through a systematically treatment of scar after burn,it had no statistical data. Conclusion Hot liquid is the most common cause of pediatric burn in the local area. The treatment knowledge of the public were not increased with the de

关 键 词：烧伤 儿童 流行病学研究 瘢痕 康复 

分 类 号：R726.5[医药卫生—儿科]