南海鸢乌贼水声学测量和评估相关技术研究  

Hydroacoustic detection and estimation techniques of squid Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis in the South China Sea

作　　者：张俊[1] 陈作志[1] 陈国宝[1] 邱永松[1] 刘世刚[1,2] 姚壮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测试验站,广东广州510300 [2]大连海洋大学,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2014年第6期1-11,共11页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD13B06);农业部财政专项项目(NFZX2013);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2014TS18;2013ZD03);农业部财政专项项目"南海海洋捕捞信息动态采集网络"(2009-2014)

摘　　要：利用双频（38 kHz、120 kHz）Simrad EK60和频率分别为70 kHz和120 kHz的2部Simrad EY60科学探鱼仪于2013年获得的南海鸢乌贼（Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis）声学调查资料,对鸢乌贼的目标强度（TS）和空间分布、浮游动物的干扰、频差技术的应用等内容进行了分析。结果表明,以灯光罩网取样对鸢乌贼TS进行现场测量是可行途径;自然条件下鸢乌贼声学映像不明显,光诱条件下鸢乌贼开始聚集,22：00前主要分布于10～50m和55～80m水层,22：00后主要分布于10～35m、50～75m和115～155m水层;浮游动物和深海鱼类是鸢乌贼声学探测的重要干扰,尤其是夜间,设置积分阈要考虑不同时间段的影响;频差技术是鸢乌贼声学映像鉴别的重要方法,应深入研究。According to the acoustic survey data of squid（ Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis） in the South China Sea in 2013 obtained by Simrad EK60（ 38 kHz,120 kHz） and Simrad EY60（ 70 kHz,120 kHz） scientific echosounders,we investigated the target strength（ TS） and spatial distribution of squid,interference of zooplankton,potential of d B difference technique in the acoustic identification.The results reveal that the TS of squid could be measured by in situ method with light-falling net as biological sampling device. Squid echo was not obvious under natural light condition,but the density of squid increased significantly when the light was on. Before22： 00,the squids mainly assembled in layers at 10 ～ 50m and 55 ～ 80m,while after 22： 00,the squids assembled in layers at 10～ 35m,50 ～ 75m and 115 ～ 155m. Zooplankton and pelagic fish caused considerable interference in the acoustic estimation especially at night,so different thresholds should be selected during different time periods. The d B difference technique which might be important in discriminating squid echogram should be studied further.

关 键 词：鸢乌贼 南海 渔业声学 目标强度 体积反向散射强度 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]