高脂低碳水化合物饲养加运动对2型糖尿病大鼠代谢指标的影响  

Metabolic evaluation of treatment based on ketogenic diet and exercises in type 2 diabetic rats

作　　者：朱兵 张晓雨[2] 范鸣[2] 杜冰[2] 

机构地区：[1]青岛朱博士生物科技有限公司,266031 [2]华东师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《中华糖尿病杂志》2014年第11期826-830,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIABETES MELLITUS

摘　　要：目的 评价高脂低碳水化合物饮食加运动干预对2型糖尿病（T2DM）大鼠代谢指标的影响.方法 将50只6周龄清洁级SD雄性大鼠[（体重190±20）g]先分为2组：正常对照组（NC组,n=10）和T2DM造模组（n=40）,后者再经高糖高脂饲料联合腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导糖尿病建模,其中26只大鼠成功建模后,按随机数字表法分为糖尿病＋运动组（DM组,n=13）、糖尿病＋高脂低碳饮食＋运动组（MT组,n=13）,干预14周.测定大鼠血清中的代谢指标;HE染色观察大鼠胰脏和肝脏的形态变化;实时PCR、Western blotting和免疫组化检测肝脏组织糖代谢相关基因的表达水平.组间比较采用单因素方差分析.结果 （1） 14周后DM组死亡2只,肝肿瘤1只,剩余10只.与DM组相比,MT组的血糖[（10.8±5.5）比（26.7±3.3）mmol/L]、尿素氮[（5.9±1.1）比（8.9±1.6）mmol/L]、甘油三酯[（0.42±0.40）比（2.07±1.63） mmol/L]、糖化血红蛋白[（4.3±0.7）％比（6.5±0.3）％]均明显下降（t=8.361、4.876、3.035、2.142,均P＜0.05）,而与NC组差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）.（2）MT组大鼠胰脏组织的细胞形态结构较DM组病理性变化有所恢复,细胞间排列较为紧密,坏死细胞减少.（3）相对于DM组大鼠肝脏,MT组葡萄糖激酶（GCK,50.86±3.96比1.03±0.31）和丙酮酸激酶（Pklr,3.04±0.27比1.00±0.04）mRNA显著增加（t=21.71、13.053,均P＜0.001）,而磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶1（PCK-1）的转录水平则明显下降（0.51±0.03比1.01±0.15;t=5.548,P＜0.01）,Western blotting和免疫组化结果提示了同样的趋势.结论 高脂低碳饲养加运动干预可明显降低大鼠血糖和血脂,其机制可能是通过对GCK、Pklr以及PCK-1的转录进行调控.Objective To observe the effects of the ketogenic diet and exercises in the diabetic rats and discuss the mechanism.Methods Fifty SD rats （weight （190 ± 20） g） were divided into normal control group （NC group,n=10） and diabetes model group （n=40）.Diabetes was induced by high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet plus intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin（STZ）,and 26 diabetic rats were subdivided into diabetes model group （DM group,n=13） and ketogenic diet treatment group （MT,n=13） randomly.After treating for 14 weeks,The metabolic index were measured such as serum glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin A1c（HbA1c）,serum triglyceride,et al.The morphologic change of livers and pancreas were also observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.Finally,the expression level of glycometabolismrelated genes were detected in rat livers via RT-PCR,Western blotting and histochemistry.The results were analyzed with one-way anova.Results （1）After 14 weeks,2 rats died,1 rat was found with liver tumor in DM group（n=10）.Compared with the DM group,the serum glucose（（10.8 ± 5.5） vs （26.7 ± 3.3） mmol/L）,urea nitrogen（（5.9± 1.1）vs（8.9± 1.6）mmol/L）,serum triglyceride（（0.42±0.40）vs（2.07± 1.63）mmol/L） and HbA1c （4.3±0.7）％ vs（6.5±0.3）％ were all declined in MT group （t=8.361,4.876,3.035,2.142,all P＜0.05）.No significant difference showed between MT group and NC group （all P＞0.05）.（2） Under the histomorphology of pancreas were recovered compared with DM group：the pancreatic cell alignment became tighter with less necrosis in MT group.（3）The transcriptional level of glucokinase （GC K） （50.86 ± 3.96,1.03 ± 0.31 ; t=21.71） and pyruvate kinase isozymes L/R （Pklr）（3.04±0.27,1.00±0.04;t=13.053） in livers of MT group significant increased than DM group （P＜0.001）.Whereas,the transcriptional level of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 （PCK-1） （0.51 ±0.03,1.01 ± 0.15 ; t=5.548） in livers of MT group significant d

关 键 词：糖尿病 2型 高脂低碳饮食 糖代谢 葡萄糖激酶 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]