不同填闲模式对黄瓜根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响  

Effects of different catch modes on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community in the rhizosphere of cucumber

作　　者：李敏[1] 吴凤芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学园艺学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第12期3556-3562,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-25-08)资助

摘　　要：以温室连作3年黄瓜土壤为研究对象,以黄瓜为主栽作物,以青葱、小麦、油菜为不同季节填闲作物设置盆栽试验,采用常规化学方法、PCR-DGGE及q PCR技术,研究不同填闲模式对黄瓜土壤酶活性及细菌群落的影响.结果表明:随着种植茬次的增加,填闲小麦处理的土壤脲酶、中性磷酸酶及转化酶活性均显著高于填闲青葱和油菜处理,同时油菜处理显著高于青葱处理;不同填闲模式间黄瓜根际土壤细菌群落结构不同,冬季填闲青葱和夏季填闲小麦处理维持了相对较高的多样性指数.q PCR检测结果表明:随着种植茬次的增加,小麦处理的土壤细菌数量显著高于青葱和油菜处理.综上,不同填闲模式对土壤酶活性和细菌群落均产生一定影响,改变了土壤环境,其中夏季填闲小麦能保持相对较高的土壤酶活性、土壤细菌群落结构多样性及细菌数量.Effects of different catch modes on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community in the rhizosphere of cucumber （Cucumis sativus） were analyzed by conventional chemical method, PCR- denaturing gradient gel eleetrophoresis （DGGE） and real-time PCR methods. Pot experiment was carried out in the greenhouse for three consecutive years with cucumber as the main crop, and scal- lion （ Allium fistulosum ）, wheat （ Triticum aestivum ） and oilseed rape （ Brassica campestri ） as catch crops. Results showed that, with the increase of crop planting times, soil urease, neutral phosphatase and invertase activities in the wheat treatment were significantly higher than in the scal- lion and oilseed rape treatments, and these enzyme activities in the oilseed rape treatment were sig- nificantly higher than in the scallion treatment. PCR^DGGR analysis showed that cucumber rhizo- sphere bacterial community structures were different among treatments. Scallion and wheat treat- ments maintained relatively higher diversity indices of bacterial community structure, qPCR results showed that the abundance of soil bacterial community in the wheat treatment was significantly high- er than in the scallion and oilseed rape treatments. In conclusion, different catch treatments affect- ed soil enzyme activities and bacteria community and changed the soil environment. Wheat used as summer catch crop could maintain relatively higher soil enzyme activities, bacterial community di- versity and abundance.

关 键 词：填闲模式 黄瓜 土壤酶活性 细菌群落 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]