嫁接对铜胁迫下甜瓜幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of grafting on physiological characteristics of melon( Cucumis melo ) seedlings under copper stress

作　　者：谭明明[1,2] 张新英[1] 付秋实[1] 贺忠群[2] 王怀松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [2]四川农业大学园艺学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第12期3563-3572,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31201642);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26-07)资助

摘　　要：以南瓜‘京欣砧三号’为砧木、薄皮甜瓜‘IVF09’为接穗,以自根苗为对照,研究了嫁接对铜胁迫下甜瓜幼苗生理特性的影响.结果表明:在铜胁迫条件下,甜瓜幼苗的生理特性受到抑制.与自根苗相比,嫁接苗的生物量、叶片中光合色素、葡萄糖和果糖含量及光合参数,蔗糖磷酸合成酶、中性转化酶、酸性转化酶活性均显著提高.嫁接改善了养分吸收,有效增加了K、P、Na等的含量,减少了Cu含量,在800μmol·L-1Cu2+胁迫下,嫁接苗叶片和根部Cu含量分别比自根苗降低31.3%和15.2%;嫁接改善了植株内源激素平衡,嫁接苗叶片中生长素含量、过氧化物酶活性高于自根苗,脱落酸、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性低于自根苗.表明嫁接减弱了铜胁迫对甜瓜幼苗生理特性的抑制作用,从而提高了幼苗对铜胁迫的抵抗能力.The effects of grafting on physiological characters of melon （ Cucumis melo） seedlings under copper stress were investigated with Pumpkin Jingxinzhen No. 3 as stock and oriental melon IVF09 as scion. The results showed that the physiological characters of melon seedlings were inhibi- ted significantly under copper stress. Compared with self-rooted seedlings, the biomass, the con- tents of photosynthetic pigment, glucose and fructose, the photosynthetic parameters, the activities of sucrose phosphate lings were increased synthase, neutral invertase and acid invertase in the leaves of the grafted seed- significantly. The uptake of nutrients was improved with the contents of K, P, Na increased and the content of Cu decreased. When the concentration of Cu2~ stress was 800 p, mol ~ L-1 , the contents of Cu in the leaves and roots of the grafted seedlings were decreased by 31.3% and 15.2%, respectively. Endogenous hormone balance of seedlings was improved by grafting. In the grafted seedlings, the content of IAA and peroxidase activity were higher, whereas the contents of ABA, maleicdialdehyde, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were lower than that in the control. It was concluded that the copper stress on the physiological characters of melon seedlings was relieved by grafting which improved the resistance of the grafted seedlings.

关 键 词：甜瓜 嫁接 铜胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]