老年癌症患者心理困扰的现况调查  

Psychological distress among elderly patients with cancer

作　　者：洪静芳[1] 张伟 宋永霞[1] 谢伦芳[3] 王维利[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学护理学院,合肥市230032 [2]安徽医科大学第一附属医院 [3]合肥市安徽医科大学护理学院,合肥市230032 [4]安徽省护理学国际联合研究中心

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2015年第1期92-96,共5页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金课题资助项目(81101750);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目(教外司留【2013】1792号)

摘　　要：目的调查老年癌症患者心理困扰的检出率及其所表现的具体问题,并分析不同人口学特征患者心理困扰的差异。方法本研究为横断面描述性研究。便利抽样选取某大学两所附属三级甲等医院普外科和肿瘤科的153例老年癌症患者,应用美国综合癌症网络推荐并经汉化的心理困扰筛查工具中的困扰温度计及问题列表,进行心理困扰现况调查(得分≥4分为"有临床意义的心理困扰");用自编一般情况调查表收集患者的人口学特征。结果有43.8%(67/153)的老年癌症患者心理困扰得分达到有临床意义的界定水平;问题列表具体表现的4个维度方面得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),情绪问题维度的平均得分最高,其次为实际问题、生理问题、家庭问题;用于统计分析的34个条目中,回答"是"表示存在相应问题的前5位条目分别是:担心(73.9%)、低落(55.6%)、疼痛(54.2%)、经济问题(52.3%)、害怕(49.7%);不同人口学特征(包括婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭月平均收入)的老年癌症患者心理困扰得分之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本研究提示老年癌症患者心理困扰问题较为普遍,应引起医务工作者的重视。Objective To investigate the prevalence and specific manifestations of psychological distress among elderly patients with cancer. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 153 elderly patients with cancer who were admitted at two tertiary hospitals were investigated by using convenience sampling method. Distress Thermometer and Problem List recommended by National Comprehensive Cancer Network was used to assess the psychological distress and its specific manifestations, while a self-designed questionnaire was for the demographic data. Results The prevalence of psychological distress among elderly patients with cancer was 43.8%（67/153）. Significant differences were found among sub-dimensions of Problem List（P〈0.001）, with worst in the emotional problems, followed by practical problems, physiological problems, and family problems. Among 34 items included in the statistical analysis, the top 5 items were worry（73.9%）, sadness（55.6%）, pain（54.2%）, economical problem（52.3%）, and fear （49.7%）. There was significant difference in the scores of psychological distress among elderly patients with different demographic characteristics including marital status, education level and monthly income （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Psychological distress is prevalent among elderly patients with cancer, which should be concerned by health professionals.

关 键 词：横断面研究 老年人 肿瘤 心理困扰 问题列表 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]