不同低温处理对12个种源山桐子种子休眠解除的影响  

Effect of Different Low Temperature Treatments on Breaking Idesia polycarpa Seed Dormancy among 12 Provenances

作　　者：王艳梅[1] 王海洋[1] 代莉[1] 李非[1] 刘震[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第1期51-56,共6页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：林业行业专项(201204806);河南省教育厅自然科学研究计划项目(2011B220006)

摘　　要：为了探讨不同低温对不同种源山桐子种子休眠的解除效果,以12 个种源山桐子种子为材料,在5 ℃、10 ℃、12 ℃、15 ℃分别处理0 d、20 d、40 d、60 d,并在15/25 ℃条件下观测其发芽情况.结果表明：低温处理后,不同种源山桐子种子的发芽率和发芽势均有不同程度的提高,不同种源山桐子种子发芽率增加了5.38 %-35.41 %,增幅为8.26 %-114.18 %;发芽势增加了7 %-48.96 %,增幅为37.49 %-276.19 %.不同种源最合适的低温处理温度和低温处理时间不同,最适低温处理温度大致随纬度的升高而升高,10 ℃的低温对大部分种源的休眠解除效果较好,20 d的低温处理即可有效解除种子休眠.在较高的温度下,过长时间的低温处理会抑制种子的萌发,15 ℃的低温处理会延长山桐子种子的平均发芽时间.在低温处理60 d 时,15 ℃的低温处理甚至导致了临安种源种子不发芽的情况.In order to explore the treatment effects of different low temperature on Idesia polycarpa seed dormancy breakingamong different provenances, Idesia polycarpa seeds of 12 provenance were taken as material and treated for 0, 20, 40, 60days respectively at 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 12 ℃, 15 ℃, then its germination was observed at 15/25 ℃. Results showed that the lowtemperature treatment could increase the seed germination rate and germination potential of Idesia polycarpa among differentprovenances in different levels, that would be 5.38%-5.38% increase in germination rate and 7%-48.96% increase ingermination potential, with respective growth rates of 8.26%-114.18% and 37.49%-37.49%; the optimal treatmenttemperature and time among different provenances were different, the optimal treatment temperature were increased with theincrease of latitude, low temperature of 10 ℃ was better to break the seed dormancy for most of provenances, and 20 days oflow temperature treatment could effectively break the seed dormancy, a long time low temperature treatment would inhibitthe germination of seeds at higher temperatures, the mean time to germination of seeds would be prolonged at 15 ℃, andwhen the low temperature treatment time reached 60 days, the low temperature of 15 ℃ even had led to the Linanprovenance seeds lost the ability to germinate.

关 键 词：山桐子 低温处理 发芽率 发芽势 休眠 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]