生物炭防控植物土传病害研究进展  

Review of biochar utilization on soil-borne disease control

作　　者：马艳[1] 王光飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2014年第6期14-20,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：农业部公益性行业专项(201303023);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金专项[cx(12)1004-6]

摘　　要：近年的研究初步显示,生物炭对植物土传病害具有良好的防控效果。本文从生物炭影响土壤理化性状、改变土壤微生物数量和群落结构、影响土壤病原菌数量、吸附植物根系产生的化感物质及病原菌分泌的致病因子和诱导植物抗病性等方面探讨了生物炭防控土传病害的可能机理;并进一步探讨了材质、热解条件和使用剂量等因素对生物炭防病效果的影响,旨在为利用生物炭防控土传病害提供理论支撑。Recent studies show that biochar has significant effect on soil-borne plant diseases prevention and control. In this paper,the mechanisms of diseases prevention and control by biochar are discussed from several topics,mainly on how biochar affects soil physical and chemical properties,changes soil microbial community structure and quantity,changes the number of soil pathogens,adsorbs the allelopathic substances produced by plant roots and pathogens secretions,and induces plant disease resistance. In addition,the impact of raw material,pyrolysis condition and utilization dose of biochar on disease control efficiency are investigated. This paper will provide theoretical support for biochar application in agriculture for soil-borne disease control.

关 键 词：生物炭 土传病害 土壤性状 化感物质 诱导抗性 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]