不同改良剂对冬水田水稻产量、养分吸收和土壤还原性物质总量的影响  

Effects of different amendments on rice yield and nutrient uptake and soil reductants in the all-time waterlogged paddy field

作　　者：陈琨[1] 秦鱼生[1] 喻华[1] 樊红柱[1] 曾祥忠[1] 廖训昌 涂仕华[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,四川成都610066 [2]四川省崇州市农村发展局,四川崇州611230

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2014年第6期27-32,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201003016);四川省农业科学院青年基金项目(2013QNJJ-016);四川省农业科学院重点实验室专项(2013JCYJ-008)

摘　　要：针对冬水田影响水稻生长的土壤障碍因子,研究了不同土壤改良剂对冬水田水稻产量、养分吸收和土壤还原性物质总量的影响。两年试验结果表明:所有处理中鸡粪和硅钙肥增产效果较好,2011年较对照分别增产11.3%和10.7%,2012年较对照分别增产9.4%和13.0%;在还原性物质总量上,鸡粪处理较对照增加5.7%,在一定程度上提高了土壤有害物质增加的风险,不宜长期在冬水田中施用,而硅钙肥处理则比对照降低19.6%。石灰的效果不稳定,可能与两年遇到的极端天气(第一年严重干旱,第二年涝灾)有关,其效果还需要继续验证;锌肥的效果较差。因此,对长期淹水、地势较低的冬水田来说,硅钙肥是比较理想的土壤改良剂,施用后能保证水稻健壮生长和获得高产。In order to eliminate the adverse soil factors affecting rice growth in the all-time waterlogged paddy field in a two-year period,effects of different soil amendments on rice yields,nutrient uptake and soil reductants were investigated. The results showed that among all the treatments,chicken manure and silicon-calcium fertilizer produced much higher rice yields,increased by 11. 3% and 10. 7% in 2011 and 9. 4% and 13. 0% in 2012 than the control,respectively. Chicken manure,however,had 5. 7% higher contents of soil total reductants than the control,and could bring a potential risk of harmful soil reductants if applied continuously. Just on the opposite,silicon-calcium fertilizer effectively reduced soil reductants by 19. 6% than the control. The response of rice yield to added lime appeared unstable in the two years,most likely due to the extreme weather encountered（ severe drought in the first year and severe flooding in the second year）. Thus,its effect on rice in this region needs further field experiments to substantiate. Zinc fertilizer behaved poor and unstable effect in this experiment. Therefore,silicon-calcium fertilizer could be considered as an ideal soil amendment to use in the all-time waterlogged paddy field for healthier growth and better yield of rice.

关 键 词：土壤改良剂 产量 养分吸收 土壤还原性物质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]