水稻联合收割机收获紫云英种子的应用效果研究  

Effects of Rice Combine Harvester Application to Harvesting Chinese Milk Vetch Seed

作　　者：廖育林[1,2] 鲁艳红[1,2] 聂军[1,2] 周兴[1,3] 谢坚[1,2] 杨曾平[1,2] 吴浩杰[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]农业部湖南耕地保育科学观测实验站,湖南长沙410125 [3]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [4]中南大学研究生院隆平分院,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学（下半月）》2014年第9期12-14,17,共4页

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103005);国家绿肥种质资源平台(2012-019);作物种质资源保护和利用项目(NB2013-2130135-34);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)资助项目(Hu-nan-16)

摘　　要：为了研究水稻联合收割机收获紫云英种子的应用效果,对比分析了机械收种和人工收种两种方法的种子产量、劳动效率、收割成本和经济效益.结果表明,与传统人工收种方法相比,机械收种降低了紫云英种子的损失率,比人工收种产量增加了92.7 kg/hm2,增幅为16.3％;提高了劳动效率,一台收割机一天收获的紫云英种子数量相当于18～20人一天的收种量;节约了紫云英留种生产的劳动成本,提高了紫云英种子生产的经济效益,采用机械收获紫云英种子比人工收种直接降低劳动成本2 175～3 000元/hm2,增加经济收入3 307～4 099元/hm2.该技术的推广应用对缓解南方稻区紫云英种子的短缺问题以及加快紫云英绿肥作物的发展具有重要的作用.During the test, the seed yield, labor efficiency, harvesting costs and economic benefits were compared and analyzed between mechanical harvest technology and traditional artificial technology of Chinese milk vetch seeds to studied the mechanical harvesting technology and application effects. The results showed that mechanical harvest technology increased the yield of 92.7 kg/lam2, reducing the seeds loss. It improved the labor efficiency and reduced the cost of harvesting. For example, a rice combine harvester was the equal of 18-20 person in the harvest quantity in one day, which directly reduced the labor cost of 2 175-3 000 and increase the economic income of 3 307-4 099 per hectare. So it will play an important role in solving the shortage of Chinese milk vetch seed and accelerating the development of Chinese milk vetch green manure crops under paddy area in south of China.

关 键 词：水稻联合收割机 紫云英种子 机械收获技术 应用效果 

分 类 号：S55[农业科学—作物学]