中国死刑立法改革新思考——以《刑法修正案(九)(草案)》为主要视角  

New Thinking on Death Penalty of China:In the Perspective of Amendment IX( Draft) to Criminal Law

作　　者：赵秉志[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院暨法学院 [2]中国刑法学研究会 [3]国际刑法学协会

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2015年第1期5-20,171,共16页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：欧盟民主与法治促进项目(EIDHR/2012/297-072)

摘　　要：《刑法修正案(九)(草案)》拟取消走私武器、弹药罪和走私核材料罪等9种犯罪的死刑,并将死缓犯执行死刑的门槛由"故意犯罪"提高至"故意犯罪,情节恶劣的"。这将是中国死刑立法改革的又一重大进步。中国当前的死刑立法改革应以非暴力犯罪为重点,成批量废止死刑罪名,并在此基础上,逐步废止非致命性暴力犯罪的死刑,同时严格致命性暴力犯罪死刑的立法;进一步提高死缓犯执行死刑的门槛,明确死缓的地位和适用条件;将联合国公约要求的"最严重的罪行"标准和中国死刑政策立法化,完善死刑适用标准;改进老年人免死制度,创建哺育期母亲、精神障碍人、聋哑人等其他特殊主体免死制度。Amendment IX( Draft) to Criminal Law is proposed to cancel the 9 kinds of death penalties of crimes such as smuggling w eapons or ammunition crime,and low er the execution threshold of the suspended executions of death penalty from 'intentional crime'to 'intentional crime w ith w orst circumstances'. This w ill be another major pace of China's legislation reform of death penalty. The reform of China's death penalty should be focused on nonviolent crime and abolish death penalty into batch. On the basis that nonviolent crime abolished death penalty in a large number,nonfatal violent crimes w ill gradually be abolished death penalty. Lethal violence crime w ith death penalty w ill be strictly restricted in legislation. The suspended execution threshold of death penalty w ill be further improved,w hile emphasizing its status and specifying its application conditions. The standard'most serious crimes'for death penalty in the UN convention and China's policy of death penalty should be ruled in legislation,w hile perfecting the application standard of death penalty. China should improve the death penalty system of the elder and create the systems of the feeding mother,mental disorders,deaf and other special persons to be exempted from death penalty.

关 键 词：《刑法修正案(九)(草案)》 死刑罪名 死缓 死刑适用标准 特殊主体 

分 类 号：D924.12[政治法律—刑法学]