饲料中添加外源酶对大菱鲆幼鱼生长和饲料利用率的影响  

Effects of Dietary Exogenous Enzymes on Growth and Feed Utilization in Juvenile Turbo t(Scophthalmus maximus)

作　　者：鲁媛媛[1] 吴立新[1] 姜志强[1] 陈炜[1] 张雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产科学》2014年第11期674-679,共6页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家海洋局公益性行业科研专项(20120525);国家科技部农业科技成果转化资金资助项目(2011GB2B000017);辽宁省科技厅攻关项目(2011203005)

摘　　要：研究了饵料中添加植酸酶、非淀粉多糖酶及二者的组合酶对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、体成分以及饵料利用率的影响。在水温14．0～18．5℃将144尾初始平均体质量为（20．53±0．10） g的大菱鲆幼鱼随机分成4组，每组3个重复，每个重复放养12尾鱼，分别饲喂基础饵料（对照组）和在每千克基础饵料中添加200 mg植酸酶、100 mg非淀粉多糖酶、200 mg植酸酶＋100 mg非淀粉多糖酶的组合酶（试验组）。计42 d。试验结果表明，与对照组相比，添加外源酶显著提高了大菱鲆幼鱼的特定生长率（ P＜0．05），且添加组合酶的特定生长率最高，较对照组提高了16．30％；但摄食率、饵料系数、蛋白质效率和成活率均无显著影响（P＞0．05）。饵料中添加外源酶对大菱鲆幼鱼的鱼体水分、粗脂肪、灰分和能量无显著影响（P＞0．05）；但鱼体粗蛋白含量均有增加（P＞0．05），且添加非淀粉多糖酶鱼体粗蛋白含量最高（P＜0．05）。与对照组比较，添加非淀粉多糖酶和组合酶显著提高大菱鲆幼鱼的干物质、粗蛋白、磷和能量的表观消化率（P＜0．05）；添加植酸酶显著提高粗蛋白表观消化率（P＜0．05），干物质、磷和能量表观消化率较对照组高，但差异不显著（P＞0．05）。饵料中添加外源酶显著提高大菱鲆幼鱼氮、磷贮积率，显著降低氮排放率（P＜0．05）；添加组合酶显著降低磷排放率（P＜0．05）；饵料中分别添加植酸酶和非淀粉多糖酶未显著降低磷排放率（P＞0．05），但有下降趋势。A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary exogenous enzymes （phytase , non‐starch polysaccharide enzymes and the mixture of the two enzymes） on growth ,body composition , food digestibility and utilization in juvenile turbot （Scophthalmus maximus） .A total of 144 juvenile turbot with an average body weight of （20 .53 ± 0 .10） g were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed a basal diet （as a control group） ,and the basal diet supplemented with phytase at a rate of 200 mg/kg diet ,non‐starch polysaccharide enzymes at a rate of 100mg/kg diet and the mixture of the two enzymes for 42 days at water temperature of 14 .0—18 .5 ℃ with triplication .Results showed that the exogenous enzymes supplementa‐tion led to significant improvement of specific growth rate compared to the control group （P〈0 .05） ,the best grow th （increased by 16 .30% ） in the fish fed the diet containing mixture enzymes ,without signifi‐cant differences in food intake ,food conversion ratio ,protein efficiency ratio and survival rate （P＆gt;0 .05） . The moisture ,and levels of crude fat ,ash and energy of the juvenile turbot were not affected significantly by the exogenous enzyme supplementation （P〉0 .05） .The crude protein level ,however ,was increased （P〉 0 .05） ,the maximum in the fish fed the diet containing non‐starch polysaccharide enzymes （P〈0 .05） .There were significantly higher apparent digestibility of feed dry matter ,crude protein ,phosphor‐us and energy in the juveniles fed the diet containing non‐starch polysaccharide enzymes and mixture en‐zymes than in the juveniles in the control group （P〈 0 .05） .The fish fed the diet containing phytase showed significantly higher apparent digestibility of crude protein （P〈0 .05） ,and higher apparent digesti‐bility of feed dry matter ,phosphorus and energy without significant differences （ P〉 0 .05） .Exogenous enzyme supplementation resulted in significant improvement of retention of

关 键 词：大菱鲆 植酸酶 非淀粉多糖酶 组合酶 生长 饵料利用率 

分 类 号：S965.399[农业科学—水产养殖]