少免冬春灌对棉田非生育期土壤水盐分布的影响  

Influence of Less & Free of Winter and Spring Irrigation on Soil Water and Salt Distribution in Cotton Non-growth Period

作　　者：李志刚[1] 叶含春[1] 肖让[1] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2014年第12期10-15,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：新疆研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2013152)

摘　　要：为了探寻南疆节水灌溉棉花种植的最佳非生育期灌水量。通过对棉田非生育期进行少免冬春灌水定额控制试验,研究了少免冬春灌对棉田水盐分布的影响。少免冬春灌处理棉田的非生育期土壤水盐分布由不同土层含水率、含盐量的变化幅度可知,在土层0～40cm之内变化较大,说明在40cm深度的含水量、含盐量受灌水量影响较大。在相同灌水定额下,冬灌对土壤盐分的淋洗效果高于春灌灌水。由于水资源紧缺,又要达到洗盐保墒的目的,建议采取冬灌＋春灌的模式,冬春灌水定额应控制在3 750m^3/hm^2。适宜的少免冬春灌灌溉定额可以充分淋洗非生育期土壤的盐分,为棉种出苗提供适宜水盐保证。In order to find the best irrigation quantity in non-growth period for water-saving irrigation of cotton in southern Xinjiang,through less free of winter and spring irrigation quota control experiment for cotton in non-growth period,the influence of less free of winter and spring irrigation on soil water and salt distribution is studied.Under less free of winter and spring irrigation treatment,the soil water and salt distribution in non-growth period is that the change range of water and salt content in the soil layer of 0to 40 cm is larger,which means that the water and salt content in the soil layer of 40 cm is influenced greater by irrigation quantity.Under the same irrigation quota,the leaching effect of winter irrigation on soil salt is better than that of spring irrigation.Considering the shortage of water resources,in order to achieve the purpose of salt leaching and soil conservation,it is proposed that the winter irrigation and spring model is adopted and the quota should be controlled at 3 750m^3/hm^2.Suitable less free winter and spring irrigation quota can fully wash out the soil salt in non-growth period to guarantee appropriate water and salt content for cotton emergence.

关 键 词：冬春灌水 棉田 水盐 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]