施氮方式对连作花生生长发育及产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application Methods on the Growth and Yield of Continuous Cropping Peanut

作　　者：隋世江[1] 张海楼[1] 张艳君[1] 华利民[1] 苏黎[1] 于涛[1] 叶鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物营养与环境资源研究所,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2014年第11期32-35,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部农业推广项目(GCNT-LN-08)

摘　　要：为探讨氮肥施用方式对花生连作障碍的减缓效果,设置不同比例的底肥和追肥比例,研究氮肥施用方式对连作花生农艺性状、光合特性、干物质质量、产量的影响。结果表明,在等氮条件下,大量氮肥肥效后移有利于增加连作花生荚果成熟过程中的有效光合面积,有利于主要产量构成因素的形成,增加连作花生的净光合速率、叶绿素含量、干物质质量,提高产量;氮素底肥和追肥合理搭配较单一施用底肥更能满足连作花生生长发育对氮素的大量需求,保证了花生生长前期不缺肥、后期不脱肥,进而提高花生产量,其中,氮肥施用以底肥25%+花针期追肥75%处理产量最高(3 906.7kg/hm2),较全部底肥处理增产21.3%。To discuss the slowing effects of nitrogen （N ） application modes on peanut continuous cropping obstacle,different basal/topdressing ratios were designed to investigate agronomic characters, photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter and yield for continuous cropping peanut as affected by N application modes.The results show that,at the same N rate,N fertilizer postponing increased effective photosynthetic area during the process of pod maturation,in favor of improving yield component factors, and increased net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,dry matter and peanut yield.Compared with single basal fertilization,reasonable basal/topdressing cooperated fertilization met N needs much better for continuous cropping peanut growth,ensured fertilizer sufficiency during the whole growing stage,and further increased peanut yield,in which the yield under 2 5% N basal fertilization and 7 5% N topdressing at flowering and pegging stage was the highest,3 906.7 kg/ha,by increment of 21.3% compared with total N basal fertilization.

关 键 词：花生 连作 氮肥后移 光合 产量 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]