长湖海子湖夏季浮游植物群落结构及环境影响因子  

Community Structures of Phytoplankton in the Haizi Lake,Changhu Lake and Associated Environmental Factors

作　　者：柴毅[1,2] 彭婷[1] 李昊成[1,2] 郭坤[1] 何勇凤[2] 杨德国[2] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学动物科学学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所/农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,武汉430223

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第19期4568-4573,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B08-03);长江大学大学生创新计划项目

摘　　要：2012年7月对长湖海子湖进行浮游植物群落结构及主要环境因子的调查分析,并运用典范对应分析（CCA）方法对浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的关系进行相关性分析。结果表明,共鉴定出浮游植物51种（含变种和变型）,以绿藻最多（45.10%）,其次为蓝藻（29.41%）和硅藻（13.73%）,裸藻、甲藻和隐藻所占比例均低于2%。共鉴定出8种浮游植物优势种,其中两栖颤藻（Oscillatoria amphibia）优势度最高。浮游植物细胞丰度变化范围为239.01×105-575.20×105 cells/L,平均值为385.86×10^5 cells/L。根据海子湖浮游植物种类组成、细胞丰度水平、多样性指数以及均匀度指数等指标综合评价,海子湖水域处于重度富营养化状态。典范对应分析表明,各站点与TN、NH3-N、DO及TP关系较紧密,主要浮游植物中多数蓝藻与TN呈明显正相关。浮游植物群落结构特点与海子湖狭长形地形、进水口产生的水动力学特征以及沿岸较多人为因素干扰紧密相关。Community structure of phytoplankton and the associated environmental factors were investigated in the Haizihu Lake, Changhu Lake in July of 2012. Thei relationships with environmental factors were analysed with Canonical Correspondence Analysis. The results showed that 51 species （genera） of phytoplankton were identified. Chlorophyta （45.10%） was the most, following by Cyanophyta （29.41%）and Baeillariophyta （13.73%）. The ratio of Euglenophyta, Pyrrophyta and Crrptophyta was less than 2%. There were 8 dominant species and the dominancy of Oscillatoria amphibia was the most. The phytopiankton density was varied from 239.01×10^5 to 575.20×10^5 cells/L, with the average of 385.86×10^5 cells/L. According to the species composition,density level,biodiversity index and evenness index, the nutrition of water was in eutrophic and heavy eutrophic state. Canonical correlation analysis （CCA） indicated that the TN, NH3-N, DO and TP were the main environmental factors. Most of Cyanophyta was a great demand for TN. Community structures of phytoplankton were affected by geographical feature, human activities and the hydrodynamic features.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 环境因子 CCA 长湖海子湖 

分 类 号：Q178.1[生物学—水生生物学] Q948.8[生物学—普通生物学]