重庆主城区老年健康状况和社区护理需求调查  

Survey on health status and community care needs of the elderly in Chongqing urban area

作　　者：张允[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学人事处,400016

出　　处：《重庆医学》2014年第35期4787-4789,共3页Chongqing medicine

摘　　要：目的了解重庆主城区社区老年人健康状况和社区护理需求,为今后开展社区老年护理提供依据。方法采用简明健康状况调查量表(SF-36)和自行设计的问卷,对重庆市主城辖区内3个街道(社区)1 005名老年人的健康状况及社区医疗护理需求进行调查分析。结果社区老年人慢性病的发病率为79.69%,SF-36总得分为(71.76±12.85)分,生理健康(72.46±17.56)分,心理健康(73.29±16.87)分。多元回归表明不健康状况的影响因素分别为慢性病患病数量、经济状况、年龄、生活方式。社区护理需求排名前5位依次是定期检查、社区专家护理、高质量的社区护士、健康讲座、急救护理知识。老年人社区护理需求多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别(X1)、职业(X2)、经济状况(X3)、检查情况(X4)、社区护理了解情况(X5)为其影响因素,回归预测模型为:P=1/[1+Exp∑(-2.155+0.612X1-0.121X2+0.173X3+0.211X4+1.107X5)]。结论社区需要对老年人加强定期身体检查,对男性老年人应引起重视,投入更多的关怀,加强慢性病管理、养老养生、营养保健的宣传,加强社区老年护理人才的阶梯培养,改变社区护理模式。Objective To learn the health status and community care needs of the elderly in Chongqing urban area,and provide a basis for the future development of geriatric nurse in community.Methods SF-36 scales and a self-designed questionnaire were used to know the health status and community care needs of 1 005 elderly in Chongqing.Results The incidence rate of chronic community elderly was 79.69%.SF-36 scale total score was（71.76±12.85）,physical health was（72.46±17.56）,and mental health was（73.29±16.87）.Multiple regression showed that number of chronic cases,economic status,age,lifestyle were unhealthy situation factors.Community care needs of the top five in turn were regular inspection,care and community experts,high-quality community nurses,health lectures,and first aid care.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of elderly community care needs revealed that sex（X1）,occupation（X2）,economic conditions（X3）,inspection（X4）,community care to understand the situation（X5）were factors,Regression predict model：P=1/[1＋Exp∑（-2.155＋0.612X1-0.121X2＋0.173X3＋0.211X4＋1.107X5）].ConclusionCommunities need to strengthen regular physical check for the elderly,pay more attention to elderly male,strengthen chronic disease management,pension and health,nutrition and health promotion,enhance the training of personnel for community aged care,and change community care models.

关 键 词：老年人保健服务 健康状况 社区护理 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]