塔里木河流域胜利水库池沼公鱼的生物学特性  

Biological Characteristics of Hypomesus olidus in Shengli Reservoir of Tarim River Basin

作　　者：陈生熬[1] 姚娜[1] 宋勇[1] 王智超[1] 谢从新[2] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2014年第11期192-196,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项"新疆跨境河流水生生态及鱼类资源调查"(2012FY112700-8);国家自然科学基金项目"叶尔羌高原鳅应对塔里木河水盐化响应机制研究"(31360635);新疆生产建设兵团基本科技计划项目"叶尔羌条鳅人工繁殖及养殖技术的研究"(2013BA005);新疆生产建设兵团农一师科技局项目"阿拉尔垦区三大平原型水库渔业资源调查研究"(2012YY01)

摘　　要：为了解塔里木河流域外来物种的入侵机制和生态安全,于2012—2013年在塔里木河流域胜利水库采集83尾池沼公鱼,运用传统生物学和组织解剖学方法,对池沼公鱼的生物学特性进行测定分析。结果表明:胜利水库池沼公鱼主要以鱼卵和浮游生物为食,摄食强度随季节变化,异速生长,机体偏瘦,雌雄比为1∶0.69,丰满度指数、体长与体重关系式雌雄个体差异显著。池沼公鱼适应性强,食性的特殊化使得塔里木河流域鱼类区系变化大,土著鱼类资源减少,严重影响了塔里木河流域水库其他鱼类的种群动态和渔业生态平衡。83 H.olidus samples collected from Shengli reservoir of Tarim river basin were analyzed by traditional biology and histological anatomy during 2012-2013 to study biological characteristics of H.olidus and to understand the invasion mechanism of alien species and ecological safety in Tarim river basin.The results showed that male H.olidus with thin body feeds on fish eggs and plankton mainly and its feeding intensity varies with seasonal variation.The ratio between female and male H.olidusis 1∶0.69.There are significant differences in fullness index and relation between body length and body weight between individuals of female and male H.olidus. Male H.olidus with well adaptability and specialization feeding habits results in fish fauna variation and decrease of local fish resources,which influences population dynamics balance of other fish and fishery ecological balance in reservoirs of Tarim river basin seriously.

关 键 词：塔里木河流域 胜利水库 池沼公鱼 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]