温石棉选矿粉尘酸浸法制备纤维状纳米二氧化硅材料  

Preparation of Fibrous Nanometer Silica Material from Chrysotile Asbestos Mineral Dust by Acid Soaking Method

作　　者：马李娅 彭同江[1,2] 何逍遥 宋鹏程[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学分析测试中心,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《非金属矿》2014年第6期4-7,共4页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：西南科技大学大学生创新基金(CX14-033)

摘　　要：采用浮选法,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）为浮选剂,从温石棉选矿粉尘中浮选纤蛇纹石短纤维,并采用直接酸浸法除去金属氧化物制备纤维状纳米二氧化硅材料。研究了硫酸质量分数、反应温度、反应时间和液固体积/质量比对MgO浸取率、水洗残渣量及滤液剩余H^＋摩尔数的影响。研究结果表明,当硫酸质量分数35%、反应温度90℃、反应时间2 h、液固体积/质量比为10时,MgO浸取率为88.82%,所制备的样品呈纤维状,直径在30-40 nm,呈无定形态,为一维SiO2纳米材料。Within metal oxide being removed, short chrysotile fibers were extracted from asbestos dust by flotation method with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate（SDBS） as floating agent. The fibrous nanometer silica material was prepared by this method. The leading influences of sulphuric acid solution mass fraction, temperature, time and the volume and mass ratio of liquid to solid, factoring on leaching rate of MgO, washed residue and the remaining H^＋ mole of the filtrate, have been researched. It turned out that leaching rate of MgO was 88.82%, on condition that the solution mass fraction of sulphuric acid was 35%, temperature was 90 ℃, time was 2 h and the volume and mass ratio of liquid to solid was 10. The prepared sample was fibrous and amorphous, whose radius was 30-50 nm, with one-dimensional nano properties of chrysotile.

关 键 词：石棉粉尘 短纤维 纤维状纳米二氧化硅 酸浸法 

分 类 号：X754[环境科学与工程—环境工程]