湖南省不同纬度脐橙园的土壤养分及果实品质  

Soil nutrition status at orchards of Newhall navel orange and the fruit quality at different latitudes of Hunan province

作　　者：卢晓鹏[1,2] 李静[1,2] 熊江[1,2] 曹雄军[1,2] 谢深喜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]国家柑橘改良中心长沙分中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期615-620,共6页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系项目(CARS–027);国家自然科学基金项目(31401824);教育部高校博士点基金项目(20134320120006);湖南省科技计划项目(2014NK3003)

摘　　要：对湖南省不同纬度的6个纽荷尔脐橙园(按分布位置由北向南分别定义为A^F果园,A果园位于E111°27′19.59″,N 29°27′42.77″,F果园位于E111°15′31.71″,N25°15′35.89″)的土壤养分含量及果实品质进行分析。结果表明,16个脐橙园中有5个的土壤均有不同程度的酸化,p H为3.81~5.14;6个脐橙园土壤的有机质、有效硼、有效钼含量适宜,而土壤碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾和有效铁含量因树体的吸收而导致缺乏,土壤交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铜和有效锌含量缺乏。26个脐橙园树体的氮、磷、钾、铁养分含量均适宜,而钙、镁、铜、锌养分含量均缺乏;6个脐橙园树体氮、磷、钾含量呈现出由北部果园向南部果园逐渐升高的趋势。36个脐橙园果实品质指标值呈现由北部果园向南部果园升高的趋势,F果园果实的糖酸比最高,为17.78,而A果园果实的糖酸比仅为8.96;6个脐橙园果实中氮、钾含量也呈现由北部果园向南部果园升高的趋势,而果实中磷含量低,且无明显变化规律。4土壤与叶片中的钙含量呈显著的线性相关,相关系数为0.68;土壤与叶片中的钼含量也呈显著线性相关,相关系数为0.62,叶片与果实中的钾含量呈极显著线性相关,相关系数为0.85,而其他矿质养分在土壤、叶片和果实中未呈现明显相关关系。This study was carried out to investigate soil nutrition status and fruit quality of navel orange orchards located at different latitudinal regions in Hunan province. Nutrient content in soil, leaves and fruits, and fruit quality were analyzed from six Newhall navel orange orchards. The results showed that five out of six orchards exhibited soil acidification, where soil pH varied from 3.81 to 5.14. In the six orchards, soil organic matter, available boron （B） and available molybdenum （Mo） were in an optimum range. Alkali hydrolysable nitrogen （N）, available phosphorus （P）, available potassium （K） and available Fe in soil, however, were deficient due to trees＇ absorption and little supplements. Soil exchangeable Ca, Mg, and available Cu, Zn exhibited deficient because of their absolute shortage in background. In all six orchards, N, P and K content were in an optimum level in leaves, but Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn were deficient. Meanwhile, N, P and K content in leaves exhibited an increase tendency from north to south, so did for fruit quality indexes. Fruits picked from orchard F （E111°15＇31.71”,N25°15＇35.89”） had the highest sugar acid ratio, which was 17.78, while, the value picked from orchard A was just 8.96 （E111°27＇19.59”,N 29°27＇42.77”,F）. N and K content in fruits also exhibited an increase tendency from north to south, while, P content in fruit was in a low level and had no obviousvariation. In addition, there was a significant linear correlation of Ca between soil and leaf with the correlation coefficient of 0.68; Mo content in soil and leaf also showed a significant linear correlation with the correlation coefficient of 0.62; the same to K content between leaves and fruits with the correlation coefficient of 0.85. However, there were no obvious correlation for other nutrients among soil, leaf and fruit.

关 键 词：纽荷尔脐橙 土壤养分 树体养分 果实养分 果实品质 湖南 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学]