膜下滴灌春玉米氮素吸收规律与增产效应  

Effect of N Absorption and Yield Enhancement on Spring Maize under Drip Irrigation and Film Mulch

作　　者：朱金龙[1] 危常州[1] 朱齐超[1] 李美宁[1] 张书捷[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《玉米科学》2014年第6期121-125,共5页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2011AA100508)

摘　　要：研究春玉米膜下滴灌条件下氮肥对玉米氮素吸收、干物质积累以及氮肥的增产作用,提出试验条件下的最佳施氮量。结果表明,增加施氮量能够增加膜下滴灌春玉米地上部干物质积累及氮素吸收能力,过量施氮导致干物质及氮素累积降低;玉米产量随着施氮量增加而增加,300 kg/hm2时达到最高产量,此时氮肥农学效率、氮肥利用率以及生理利用率均达到最大。采用二次曲线拟合,计算最佳施氮量为291.80 kg/hm2,此时最高产量为14 964.54 kg/hm2。N biomass accumulation and yield enhancement of N application in spring maize under drip irriga- tion and plastic film mulch cultivation were studied, and also explored an optimal N rate. The results indicated that N application promoted shoot biomass and U uptake, while excess N input reduced biomass and N uptake. Maize yield increased with increasing of N input, 360 kg/ha N application lead to a yield decrease, mainly due to maize grain weight decline. N application of 300 kg/ha produced the highest partial efficiency, agronomy efficiency physio- logical efficiency and N recovery rate. Fitting N application rate for maize yield with a parabola curve found N maxi- mum rate in this research background was at 291.80 kg/ha, and the highest yield was 14 964.54 kg/ha.

关 键 词：春玉米 滴灌 氮素积累 氮肥效率 

分 类 号：S513.071[农业科学—作物学]